2. The Roaring Twenties Changes that occurred in American life following WWI The Great Migration North The Red Scare Inventions and Technology The effects of the automobile on American society and culture Music, art, and literature, Key individuals

3. Changes in America following WWI Labor saving products Electric lighting Movement to the suburbs Entertainment Improved communication

4. Labor Saving Products = Freedom Labor saving products came on the scene and changed daily life. Some examples of these products are –washing machines, electric stoves, water pumps, and vacuum cleaners. People now had more leisure time.

5. Electric Lighting By the 1920’s most cities had electric lighting, and more than 60% of American households also had electricity. This led to an increased demand for electricity.

6. Movement to the Suburbs Cars contributed to the spread of suburbs ( a residential area on the outskirts of town). People could live in a suburb and still have a job in the city.

7. Entertainment = Improved Communication Radios First commercial radio broadcast – KDKA in Pittsburgh November 2, 1920 Programs included –News –Concerts –Sporting events –Comedies –Music Beginning of the Broadcast Industry

8. First movie The Great Train Robbery,1903 Offered entertainment Offered escape Were black and white Movies

9. Were called talkies First talkie – The Jazz Singer, 1927

10. The Great Migration North During WWI, more than 500,000 African Americans had left the South for new jobs in the North and Midwest. Why? Low-paying jobs in the south Discrimination, segregation, and violence in the south Better employment opportunities in northern industrial cities Rural to urban migration An increase in lynching

11. However, this northern migration caused Race riots Discrimination Violence - mainly in the north Increased activity of the Ku Klux Klan

13. The Red Scare - was a period when the government went after “Reds” - as communists were known, and others with radical views such as anarchists. Sacco and Vanzetti

14. Anarchists – people who believe there should be no government In the early 1920s, the government deported – expelled about 500 immigrants it had arrested because they were considered dangerous.

15. Inventions and Technology Wider availability of consumer goods Assembly line Radio Increased demand for electricity Higher standard of living Advertising Brand Names Installment buying - purchase now and Pay over a period of time Rise of mechanization

16. Advertisements of the 1920s

17. The effects of the automobile on American society Detroit, Michigan became the automobile manufacturing center of the world. The automobile Increased mobility Allowed movement to the suburbs Provided new jobs Growth of transportation industries such as: –Steel-Oil –Road construction –Tourism

19. Music- -The Age of Jazz

20. Louis Armstrong – jazz composer during the Harlem Renaissance Instrument: cornet/trumpet " Louis Armstrong's station in the history of jazz is unimpeachable. If it weren't for him, there wouldn't be any of us." Dizzy Gillespie, 1971

21. Duke Ellington- jazz composer during the Harlem Renaissance Instrument: piano

22. Bessie Smith-blues singer during the Harlem Renaissance

23. Aaron Copland – composer of uniquely American music jazz and classical George Gershwin – composer of uniquely American music. Musicals: Porgy and Bess, Funny Face

24. Art Georgia O’Keefe– artist, urban scenes, Southwest landscapes and flowers

25. Jacob Lawrence- African American painter, experiences of the Great Migration North

26. Dance Martha Graham – dancer who transformed the art form into modern dance

27. Literature Langston Hughes - poet who combined the experiences of African and American cultural roots Dream Variations To fling my arms wide In some place of the sun, To whirl and to dance Till the white day is done. Then rest at cool evening Beneath a tall tree While night comes on gently, Dark like me-- That is my dream! To fling my arms wide In the face of the sun, Dance! Whirl! Whirl! Till the quick day is done. Rest at pale evening... A tall, slim tree... Night coming tenderly Black like me.

28. F. Scott Fitzgerald – novelist, wrote about the Jazz Age of the 1920s John Steinbeck – novelist, wrote about migrant workers in the 1930s

29. Key Individuals who impacted the 1920s Wright Brothers – Inventors of the airplane Henry Ford- automobile industry use of the assembly line

30. Gugelielmo Marconi – Pioneer of wireless communications “the radio” It began with Marconi “the father of the radio”

31. Frank Lloyd Wright Considered America’s greatest architect - (a person who designs buildings)

32. Prohibition – the forbidding by law of the making or selling of alcoholic beverages The Temperance Movement worked to rid alcohol in America. The 18 th Amendment made it illegal to manufacture, transport, and sell alcoholic beverages in our country It was passed in 1919. Because the 18 th Amendment didn’t work, Congress voted to pass the 21 st Amendment which repealed the 18 th Amendment.

33. The following resulted from the 18 th Amendment Moonshine – homemade alcohol Bootleggers – people who made and sold alcohol illegally Speakeasies – clubs where alcohol was sold illegally Organized Crime “the Italian Mafia”

34. Changing Role of Women The symbol of the 1920’s American women was the flapper. (women who were eager to try something new ) Liberated women

35. Women discovered more personal freedom in the 1920s. drove cars played sports went to college had new job opportunities could vote gained property rights