1. Which is cleaner? 30 seconds to decide… which do you think is cleaner? How do you know?

2. Which would you rather drink? 30 seconds to decide… which do you think is safer to drink? How could you know?

3. Learning Outcomes: All will be able to explain how specific indicators help inform us about pollution levels. Most will be able to explain that cause and effect of oil pollution in Southampton Waters and possible solutions. Some will be able to compare and contrast two sediment areas of Southampton Waters and explain the differences

4. Key words Indicator Species Crude Oil Sample Dredge or Trawl Oxic Anoxic

5. How clean do you think Southampton Water is? What factors could affect it?

6. Sediment Indicators One way to investigate pollution is to study the sediment from the bottom of the water by dredging the bottom.

7. What does healthy sediment look like? Callista grabs sediment samples from the bottom of the water. The sediment is made of two layers: oxic and anoxic. What do you think the difference is?

8. Sediment layers The Oxic layer is full of oxygen and is where most creatures live but it is not very deep – WHY?

9. Sediment layers The Anoxic layer is much darker and we only tend to find worms and animals that can burrow – why might that be?

10. Your task: Look closely at the pictures of the two different sediment grabs. Can you see a difference? Fawley Royal Victoria Country Park How might these differences affect the sediment as a habitat?

11. Crude Oil Why do you rely on me so much?

12. Without crude oil we wouldn’t have….

13. The downside… In April 2010 an oil rig, the Deepwater Horizon, exploded and sunk in the Gulf of Mexico. As well as the loss of 11 human lives the oil well kept gushing into the ocean for 87 days until it could be capped. It caused an environmental catastrophe that still effects the area today.

14. The downside

15. Assessment Task You will be provided with a worksheet to help you write a report about the effect of oil spills and possible solutions. You will need to complete some research and follow the level ladder to obtain the best level you can.

16. There are many types of cleaning methods used for spills: Bioremediation: using microorganisms/ biological agents to break down or remove oil Dredging: some oils are denser than water, and sink. These require cleaning below the surface of the impacted water. Skimming: only effective areas where the water is calm. Dispersion: some detergents can disperse oil into smaller clusters that are easier to remove than larger areas. Burning: controlled burning can eliminate large amounts of the oil in the water, but requires great care to avoid the fire spreading and minimise pollution.

17. Investigation: To simulate an oil spill and investigate different clean up methods Equipment needed: One bowl Vegetable oil Elastic bands Paper towels String Tooth picks Cotton balls Cling film Lolly sticks Balloons Cork Straws Pipettes Spoons Cooked rice Grass Sand

18. Each team will have a chance to test their clean-up systems on a similar "oil spill." Each system will be scored on the following scale to determine success.

19. Method 1.Add 2 tablespoons of oil into a tray of water. 2. Decide how you could stop the oil spreading and how you will remove it. 3. Be ready to share your methods with the rest of the class.

20. Results table Containment methodClean up methodResult and evaluation

21. Write a conclusion Explain what was the best clean up method and why that might be. Explain what was the best containment method and why that might be. Explain how there may be some drawbacks to this method of containment and clean up.

22. Plenary Draw the pyramid into your book! Write three things that you learnt in today’s lesson Write two keywords from the lesson Write one question that you have about today’s lesson