1. 1.2 Anatomy, Biomechanics and Physiology How the body responds to exercise

2. Anatomy Anatomy: Anatomy: The structure and function of the body *muscles *bones *movement * joints *antagonist *agonist

3. Biomechanics The study of the mechanics of the body e.g a golf swing The study of the mechanics of the body e.g a golf swing *centre of gravity *base of support *line of support *force summation, *speed-height-angle of release *newton's laws of motion *projectiles

4. Physiology Physiology: the study of how the body responds to exercise Physiology: the study of how the body responds to exercise *heart rate *sweating*breathing *blood pressure *energy systems *F.I.T.T *components of fitness

5. Muscles and Bones What bones make up the following synvoial (freely moveable) joints? What bones make up the following synvoial (freely moveable) joints? Ankle (3), knee (4), hip (2), elbow (3), Shoulder (3) What muscles move the following joints? Ankle (2), knee (2), hip (2), elbow (2), Shoulder (3)

6. Joint movement Flexion: narrowing the angle of a joint, on the ‘front’ (anterior) of the body except for knee Flexion: narrowing the angle of a joint, on the ‘front’ (anterior) of the body except for knee

7. Joint movement Extension: Extension: widening the angle widening the angle of a joint, on the ‘back’ (posterior) of the body except for knee

8. Joint movement Abduction: moving a limb (leg or arm) away from the body Abduction: moving a limb (leg or arm) away from the body Adduction: moving a limb towards the body

9. Joint movement Rotation: Rotation: turning bones in a circular motion at a joint

10. Joint movement Match the movement with the muscles that cause it Match the movement with the muscles that cause it Dorsiflexionabdominals Plantarflexionanterior deltoid, pectorals Knee flexionbicep Knee extensiontricep Hip flexionposterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi Hip extensiontibialis anterior Trunk flexiongastrocnemius Elbow flexionquadriceps Elbow Extensionhamstring Shoulder flexionhip flexors (iliopsoas) Shoulder extension gluteals

11. Agonist/Antagonist *All muscles work in pairs The agonist muscle is the contracting muscle and the antagonist is the relaxing muscle The agonist muscle is the contracting muscle and the antagonist is the relaxing muscle

12. Agonist/Antagonist e.g when you do a bicep curl the biceps contracts and the triceps relaxes to allow the movement to happen e.g when you do a bicep curl the biceps contracts and the triceps relaxes to allow the movement to happen

13. Agonist/antagonist Match the muscles together with the joint Match the muscles together with the joint [the muscles above the joint move it] [the muscles above the joint move it] Anklegluteals and hip flexors Knee deltoid, pectorals and latissimus dorsi Hipbicep and tricep Elbowtibialis anterior and gastocnemius Shoulderquadriceps and hamstring