1. Bantu Migrations Bantu—a language group from west central Africa. Lived along banks of rivers. 3000 BC-1000 BC: Migrated into southern and western Africa. Many were hunters and gatherers.

2. Bantu Migrations: 2000 BC-AD 1000

3. Sub-SaharankingdomsNubia www.google.images Nubian pyramids at Meroe (circa 1070 BC) Emerged around 2000 BC in present-day southern Egypt and northern Sudan. Built smaller pyramids than Egyptians; traded with them.

5. Saba (Sheba) Emerged around 1000 BC in Ethiopia. The Queen of Sheba visited King Solomon in Jerusalem. The Ethiopian royal family claims direct descent from their son.

7. Kingdoms and empires of sub-Saharan Africa: AD 800-AD 1500

8. Axum Located in present-day Ethiopia. It became a kingdom in the 1 st C. AD. Christianity spread to Axum in the 4 th century AD.

9. Lalibela (“New Jerusalem”: Built during the 12 th century)

12. Ghana

13. Ghana AD 400-AD 1200: West African kingdom that Became a center for the gold trade, which linked peoples from both sides of the Sahara Desert.

15. Kingdoms and empires of sub-Saharan Africa: AD 800-AD 1500

16. Great Zimbabwe Early centuries AD. Powerful kingdom in southeastern Africa from approximately AD 900 to 1600. Great Zimbabwe was a large stone complex.

17. Great Zimbabwe

20. Kongo AD 1250-1650. Congo River vicinity. In the mid 17 th century, Portuguese slave traders weakened the kingdom.

21. African states: AD 1500-1650

22. King Garcia II (1642)

23. Indigenous(native)religions mythencyclopedia.com mythencyclopedia.com Honored many gods and believed in a supreme God. The spirits of departed ancestors were honored and worshipped. A “diviner” was trained in the magic art of communication with spirits.

25. Oral history plaza.ufl.edu plaza.ufl.edu Most African societies had no writing systems. Griots: Specially trained people who were the record keepers—they memorized great deeds of past kings, family histories, and important events.

26. Song of the Griot

28. African slave Trade Emerged in 1 st century BC. Many buyers were from the Middle East. It is estimated that 10 million Africans were taken during Islamic trading between AD 750 to AD 1500. In the 9 th century, the Zanj Slave revolt in Mesopotamia, led by Ali ibn Muhammad, lasted for ten years until it was defeated.

29. Swahililanguagekiswahili.jpg Mixture of African and Arabian (first millennium AD) languages. It is the the national language of Tanzania and Kenya.

30. Portuguese exploration of Africa Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460) explored the west coast of Africa. Why? *spread Christianity. *spread Christianity. *new trade opportunities. *new trade opportunities.