1. “Additive Manufacturing and its societal impact: a literature review” PRESENTED BY: SLAVIK DEMIN & ALON SIMCHONI Based on the articles by Samuel H. Huang,Peng Liu, Abhiram Mokasdar & Liang Hou.

2. Topics to be covered:  Introduction.  Additive Manufacturing technologies review.  Impact on population health and wellbeing.  Energy consumption and environmental impact.  Impact on manufacturing supply chain.  Potential health and occupational hazards. 2

3. Keywords:  Additive manufacturing.  Environmental impact.  Energy consumption.  Supply chain.  Health and wellbeing. 3

4. Abstract :  AM has matured over 30 years and has become Mainstream.  Build up parts by adding materials.  Does not require the use of auxiliary equipment and tools.  “The third industrial revolution”. 4

5. Introduction :  Unlike conventional manufacturing, additive manufacturing creates the final shape by adding material.  Efficient use of raw materials and production of minimal waste.  Producing complex geometry.  The benefits: 1. Healthcare products customized to the needs of individuals. 2. Reduced raw material usage and energy consumption. 3. On-demand manufacturing. The objective of this paper is to gather, analyze, categorize and summarize information pertinent to the societal impact of additive manufacturing. 5

6. Additive Manufacturing technologies : 6  Fused Deposition Modeling  Inkjet Printing (IJP).  Laminated Object Manufacturing

7. Additive Manufacturing technologies : 7  Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS).  Stereolithography (SLA).

8. Additive Manufacturing technologies : 8  Selective Laser Sintering (SLS).  Three-dimensional Printing (3DP).

9. Additive Manufacturing technology : 9 Advantages:  Material efficiency  Resource efficiency  Part flexibility  Production flexibility Disadvantages:  Size limitations  Imperfections  Cost

10. Impact on population health and wellbeing : 10  AM can be used to make custom surgical implants.  AM technology can also be used to produce custom-fit safety equipment.  Research in producing scaffolds for tissue engineering applications and drug delivery devices.

11. Energy consumption and environmental impact  Common opinion is that AM has good environmental characteristics.  CLAD process has an impact reduction of about 70 %.  AM energy consumption is still up to debate.  Efficient use of materials. 11

12. Impact on manufacturing supply chain :  Reduce the number of stages in the traditional supply chain.  AM technology offers two opportunities: 1. Redesign products with fewer components 2. Manufacture products near the customers 12

13. Potential health and occupational hazards:  AM creates new health hazards.  A wide assortment of materials  Poor biodegradability It can be observed that most of the chemicals are not really harmful to humans. AM machine operators need to be educated in handling and disposal of these materials. 13

14. Conclusion: AM has evolved to a legitimate manufacturing process for parts production. The positive impact:  Customized healthcare products  Reduced environmental impact  Simplified supply chain Further research is needed:  Energy consumption  Occupation hazard 14

15. Thanks for listening! Questions? 15