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2. Of Chords & Scales...

4. The Theory of Notes

5. Playing more than one note at the same time is called: Harmony. So, Chords are the Harmonies of three or more notes. Chords provide the Harmonic Structure or background mood of a piece of Music. As we know now what an interval is (the difference in the pitch between two notes), we can classify them as: Melodic / Harmonic.. An Interval is Melodic when notes are played one after the other.. An Interval is Harmonic, when notes are played one above the other.

6. We have “ Consonant ” intervals and “ Dissonant ” intervals. When two notes merge naturally together to create a pleasant sound, the interval is consonant, but when the interval of two notes emit a buzzy cruel sound, the interval is said to be dissonant. 1. The Perfect “ Consonant ” intervals are the: Unison (1), Perfect Fifth (5) and the Octave (8). 2. The well-nigh Perfect “ Consonant ” intervals are the: minor/Major Third (b3/3) and minor/Major Sixth (b6/6) 3. The “ Dissonant ” intervals are the: minor/Major Second (b2/2) and minor/Major Seventh (b7/7) 4. The mixed interval is the Perfect Fourth (4).

7. For example; If you play C and Db together, you will hear the dissonant sound that the interval (b2) emits. Try playing C along with E, the two notes go well together. The two notes emit a consonant sound! (it’s the Major Third) The Perfect Fourth (4) that is basically dissonant, is sometimes classified as consonant. ---- By the way, the TRITONE which is an interval of Three Tones (equivalent to the Augmented Fourth, or diminished Fifth ) was called: “ Diabolus In Musica ”. It was restricted because of its dissonant character…

8. The aspects Unison intervals are two identical notes played together. They are always strongly consonant and difficult to tell apart! (e.g. C with C) minor Second (b2) intervals are strongly dissonant. (e.g. C with Db) Major Second (2) intervals are less dissonant, but still, the notes do not merge at ease. (e.g. C with D) minor Third (b3) intervals are strongly consonant with a melancholy flavor to the sound. They form the basis of minor chords and scales. (e.g. C with Eb) Major Third (3) intervals are strongly consonant too with a stable and pleasing sound. They form the basis of Major chords and scales. (e.g. C with E) Perfect Fourth (4) intervals are gently dissonant, with a stretched feeling as if it would rather return to a Major Third. (e.g. C with F) Tritone (#4 or b5) intervals are dissonant. They add a unique harmonic spice in a chord or in a scale. Perfect Fifth (5) intervals are strongly consonant. They add solidness, but not that much character to the harmony.

9. minor Sixth (b6) intervals are mildly dissonant, but they are categorized as consonant for the fact that the Major Sixth (6) intervals are consonant. (e.g. C with Ab) Major Sixth (6) are consonant and add a unique character to the harmony. (e.g. C with A) minor Seventh (b7) intervals are mildly dissonant, often found in chords of four notes or more. (e.g. C with Bb) Major Seventh (7) intervals are dissonant, often found in chords of four notes or more. (e.g. C with B) The Octave intervals are strongly consonant, like unison, because notes, an octave apart, sound similar to each other, just higher or lower. (e.g. C with C)

10. TONESINTERVALSConsonant/Dissonant 0UnisonStrongly Consonant. ½minor SecondStrongly Dissonant 1Major SecondLess Dissonant 1½minor ThirdStrongly Consonant 2Major ThirdStrongly Consonant 2½Perfect FourthMildly Dissonant / Well-nigh Consonant 3½Perfect FifthStrongly Consonant 4minor SixthWell-nigh Consonant 4½Major SixthConsonant 5minor SeventhMildly Dissonant 5½Major SeventhDissonant 6OctaveStrongly Consonant

11. Quick Info Quick Info The TRITONE interval sits on the half way mark in the Octave (three tones). It has a special property of still being a TRITONE interval when turned “up side down”. It can have the name of an Augmented Fourth, or of a diminished Fifth interval. e.g. The TRITONE of C is “ F# ” or “ Gb ”. But it is often named as an Augmented Fourth.

13. The Usual Scales

18. The Major Pentatonic scale is formed of: a Root note ( 1 ), a Major Second ( 2 ), a Major Third ( 3 ), a Perfect Fifth ( 5 ) & a Major Sixth ( 6 ). The minor Pentatonic scale is formed of: a Root note ( 1 ), a minor Third ( b3 ), a Perfect Fourth ( 4 ), a Perfect Fifth ( 5 ) & a minor Seventh ( b7 ). So…

27. C Major PentatonicC minor Pentatonic D Major PentatonicD minor Pentatonic E Major PentatonicE minor Pentatonic F Major PentatonicF minor Pentatonic G Major PentatonicG minor Pentatonic A Major PentatonicA minor Pentatonic B Major PentatonicB minor Pentatonic ?

28. C Major Pentatonic CDEGAC D Major Pentatonic DEF#ABD E Major Pentatonic EF#G#BC#E F Major Pentatonic FGACDF G Major Pentatonic GABDEG A Major Pentatonic ABC#EF#A B Major Pentatonic BC#D#FGB

29. C minor Pentatonic CEbFGBbC D minor Pentatonic DFGACD E minor Pentatonic EGABDE F minor Pentatonic FAbBbCEbF G minor Pentatonic GBbCDFG A minor Pentatonic ACDEGA B minor Pentatonic BDEF#AB

30. C MajorC minor D MajorD minor E MajorE minor F MajorF minor G MajorG minor A MajorA minor B MajorB minor ?

31. C Major CDEFGABC D Major DEF#GABC#D E Major EF#G#ABC#D#E F Major FGABbCDEF G Major GABCDEF#G A Major ABC#DEF#G#A B Major BC#D#EF#G#A#B

32. C minor CDEbFGAbBbC D minor DEFGABCbD E minor EF#GABCDE F minor FGAbBbCDbEbF G minor GABbCDEbFG A minor ABCDEFGA B minor BCDEF#GAB

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