1. UI SUMMARY BOTTLENECKS IN SR GRID RECENT GRID DISTURBANCES MERIT ORDER OCC PRESENTATION FGMO KAR DISTURBANCE REDUCING THE LOSSES IN GRID BUYING AND SELLING UI RATES

2. BUYING AND SELLING RATES FOR UI  UI – NECESSARY FOR OVERALL ECONOMY (MERIT ORDER)  UI NEEDS CONSTRAINTLESS TRANSMISSION  TRANSMISSION IS CROSS-SUBSIDISING UI  UI USES TRANSMISSION AND CAUSES LOSSES  BILATERALS CAN BE HEDGED USING UI AND CfD  ……………THE SOLUTION SHOULD KEEP THE SIMPLICITY OF UI, EASY TO IMPLEMENT … YET TAKE CARE OF LOSSES AND TR.CHARGES

3. BUYING AND SELLING RATES FOR UI  INCREMENTAL LOSSES 2*AVG LOSSES ≈ 2*3.5% ≈ 7%  DIFF BETWEEN BUYING AND SELLING UI ≈ 30pS/UNIT  UI TURNOVER IN SR ≈ 5000 MU WOULD COST ≈ 150 CRORES IN UI RESIDUAL  THIS CAN BE SHARED BY TRANSMISSION STAKEHOLDERS  WOULD GIVE SIGNAL FOR TR.AUGMENTATION

4. REDUCING THE LOSSES IN THE GRID

5.  LOSSES REDUCED BY 1-1.5 % THROUGHOUT THE GRID LOSSES REDUCED BY 1-1.5 % THROUGHOUT THE GRID LOSSES REDUCED BY 1-1.5 % THROUGHOUT THE GRID  OPTIMISATION AND CO-ORDINATION OF GT AND ICT TAPS –CORRECTIVE ACTION BASED ON  WEEKLY SEM READINGS  PTI (OFF-LINE)  ONLINE EMS STUDIES  THREE HVDC SET POINT OPTIMISATION  REDUCE THE NO. OF LINE OPENINGS –OPENING LINES IMPACTS LOSSES OPENING LINES IMPACTS LOSSESOPENING LINES IMPACTS LOSSES –SWITCHING OFF SHUNT CAPACITORS  SR HAS 7580 MVAR HT CAPACITORS –GENERATORS ON SYNCH CONDENSOR MODE GENERATORS ON SYNCH CONDENSOR MODEGENERATORS ON SYNCH CONDENSOR MODE  EXAMPLE.. IF SHARAVATHY COMPLEX GENERATORS ARE PUT ON CONDENSOR MODE – TALGUPPA VOLTAGE CAN BE CONTROLLED BETTER –BUS REACTOR SWITCHING  HARNESS GENERATORS CAPABILITY HARNESS GENERATORS CAPABILITY HARNESS GENERATORS CAPABILITY  FIELD ASSESSMENT OF GENERATOR CAPABILITY FIELD ASSESSMENT OF GENERATOR CAPABILITY FIELD ASSESSMENT OF GENERATOR CAPABILITY  MOST DORMANT INTER-STATE LINES CLOSED  BETTER VOLTAGE PROFILE BETTER VOLTAGE PROFILE BETTER VOLTAGE PROFILE

6. MAXIMUM & MINIMUM DRAWAL AUG-04 240 257 2164 2297 860 934 1329 1432 1284 1389 ENTITLEMENT WITH TAL 1500MW 2000MW 140 10 980 - 100 220 20 -140 - 140 - 1070 MIN DRAWAL AUG 04 TILL NOW 185 1650 500 1100 510 AVG DRAWAL 1460 1890AP 2380 2730TN 830 1040KER 225 235PONDY 1900 2130KAR MAX DRAWAL AUG 04 TILL NOW STATE APR-04 MAR-04 FEB-04 AUG-04 OCT-03 DEC-03 AUG-04

7. BOTTLENECKS IN TRANSMISSION  KAIGA COMPLEX EVACUATION STILL A PROBLEM  KARNATAKA COASTAL GENERATORS NOT FIRMLY ANCHORED  N.COASTAL AP – EVACUATION OF GAS STATIONS  GMR VASAVI EVACUATION – STILL ON 110KV  SRISAILAM SYSTEM – UNDER UTILISATION  SINGLE ICTs AT NUNNA, GAZUWAKA, CUDDAPAH, GOOTY ETC.  EXPEDITING 400 KV STATION AT MYSORE, CHITOOR  EXPEDITING ICT AT NELLORE

8. VARIABLE COST CURVE

9. UI DETAILS

10. APKARKERTNPONDY Total UI exported(-) / Imported(+) in MUs -28892435976958-25 Total amount paid in Crores Rs. -5334281672271.6 Average rate of UI in paise/unit 19117617123766 SUMMARY OF UI (FROM 01/JAN/03 TO 29/AUG/04)

11. INTER REGIONAL UI IN SR (FROM 01/01/03 TO 29/08/04)  TOTAL UI TURNOVER :- 5143 MU  TOTAL UI AMOUNT DISBURSED:- 980 CR  INTER REGIONAL UI:- +1014 MU (-)191 MU  AVG WEEKLY TRANSACTION:- 59 MU  AVG WEEKLY UI AMT DISBURSED:- 11 CR  AVG RATE OF UI WITH WR IN PS/U –155 PS/U @SR –250 PS/U @WR  AVG RATE OF UI IMPORT FROM ER IN PS/U –144 PS/U @ ER

12. INTER-REGIONAL EXCHANGES A/C DETAILS TILL 29/08/04 1.SR IMPORTED 334 MU AND EXPORTED 181 MU TO WR. 2.AMOUNT ACCRUED IN SREB – IRE DUE TO DIFF. IN WR A/C = 38.2Crs 3.AMOUNT ACCRUED IN WREB – IRE DUE TO DIFF. IN SR A/C = 23.3Crs 4.AMOUNT DUE TO SR CONSTITUENTS ON 50:50 BASIS = 30.75Crs 5.100 % DISBURSEMENT

14. IMPACT OF LINE OPENING ON SR SYSTEM LOSS  On 3 rd /4 th August all the above lines were opened to control over voltage.  The increase in loss would be around 71 MW LINE NAME INCREASE IN LOSS (MW) VIJAYAWADA-SRISAILAM I 4 VIJAYAWADA-NELLORE II 10 N’SAGAR-CUDAPPA II 9 NELLUR-MADRAS II 9 KOLAR-HOODY II 5 KHAMMAM-MAMIDIPALLI II 7 KOLAR-HOSUR I 8 NEYVELI-SALEM II 6 TRICHY-MADURAI II 7

15. SOUTHERN REGION LOSS * *Source : Report of System Studies conducted for Accessing Shunt Compensation requirement in Southern Region – March 2004 and March 2005 -by SREB,CEA in co-ordination with the constituents ** Projected figuresYEAR LOAD (MW) LOSS (MW) %LOSS2002191239795.12 2003203918424.13 2004* * 228308233.60 2005* * 231537443.21

16. GENERATORS ON SYNCH CONDENSOR MODE: ADVANTAGES  IMPROVED SHORT CIRCUIT LEVELS IMPROVED SHORT CIRCUIT LEVELS IMPROVED SHORT CIRCUIT LEVELS  CAN BE CONVERTED TO GENERATOR MODE IN SHORT NOTICE  EXCELLENT REACTIVE SOURCE  REDUCED LOSSES  CONTROL VOLTAGE FLUCTUATIONS

17. MW MVAR 3 QUADRANT OPERATION

18. SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSOR OPERATION: IN OPERATION S. No Name of the Generator Unit No Installed capacity (In MW) Remarks 1N'Sagar2100Running 2N'Sagar3100Running 3N'Sagar4100Running 4N'Sagar5100Running 5N'Sagar6100Running 6N'Sagar7100Running 7 SriSailam LBPH 1150Tested 8 2150Tested 9 3150Tested 10 4150Tested 11 5150Tested 12Iddukki1130Running 13Iddukki2130Running 14Iddukki3130Running

19. SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSOR OPERATION: POSSIBLE AT 10PEPPARA33SPELTON SL. NO. POWER STATION INSTALLED CAPACITY TYPE OF SCHEME TYPE OF TURBINE 1SHARAVATHI10x103.51035SV.PELTON 2JOG4x18+4x12120SV.PELTON 3VARAHI2x115230SV.PELTON 4KUTTIADI3x2575SPELTON 5 KUTTIADI EXTENTION 1x5050 PELTON 6PALLIVASAL3x7.5+3x437.5SPELTON 7SENGULAM4x1248RPELTON 8SABARIGIRI6x50300SPELTON 9IDUKKI3x130+3x130780SPELTON

20. DISTURBANCE AT NTPC RAMAGUNDAM ON 26/08/04  DURING TESTING OF GENERATOR NEUTRAL END Y –PH CT, THE LBB RELAYS OF UNIT 7 MAIN AND TIE C.B ACTED RESULTING IN BUSBAR TRIPPING  ALL UNITS ON BAR (UNIT 1,2,3,6) AT NTPC TRIPPED.  THE FEEDERS REMAIN INTER-CONNECTED THROUGH TIE BREAKER  THE TIE BREAKEER FOR AUTO 5 AND GHANAPUR CKT3 WAS NOT AVAILABLE, SO THE INTERCONNECTION WAS LOST  AUTO4 AND GHANAPUR CKT4 TRIPPED ON BACK UP O/C PROETECTION  CHANDRAPUR I & II TIE REMAINED CONNECTED WITHOUT POWER FLOW

21. N’SAGAR-1 N’SAGAR-2 GHANAPUR-1 GHANAPUR-2 ICT-1 ICT-2 ICT-3 GHANPUR- 4 250 MW 57 MW 95 MW BUS DEAD BREAKER OPEN ICT-4 BREAKER NOT IN SERVICE GHANPUR- 3 ICT-5 BUS DEAD 140 MW

22. RESTORATION AT RAMAGUNDAM DEVICE CLOSED TIME DATE  ICT 4 20:59 26/08/04  N’Sagar 2 22:00 26/08/04  Chandrapur1 22:36 26/08/04 (Charged)  Chandrapur2 22:37 26/08/04 (Charged)  ICT 5 22:51 26/08/04  Ghanapur2 23:11 26/11/04  Unit 1 23:45 26/08/04  Unit2 00:23 27/08/04  Unit3 09:55 27/08/04  Unit6 01:05 27/08/04

23. LINES UNDER SHUT DOWN 1.AMBEWADI-PONDA II 2.LINGAPUR-GADAG 3.HUBLI-LINGAPUR 4.HUBLI-NARENDRA II 5.SHARAVATHI-TALAGUPPA 6.HUBLI-TALAGUPPA 7.SHARAVATHI-SHIMOGA II 8.GUTTUR-RANIBENNUR DISTURBANCE IN KARNATAKA ON 02/09/04

24.  PRE-DISTURBANCE CONDITION –IN KARNATAKA SYSTEM 8 NOS OF 220 KV LINES WERE UNDER SHUTDOWN –SHARAVATHI NAGJHERI,KAIGA,VARAHI,KADRA AND KODASHALLI WAS CONNECTED TO THE REST OF THE SYSTEM VIA KAIGA-GUTTUR D/C AND SHARAVATHI –SHIMOGA LINES  AT 14:15 HRS THE CT ON SHARAVATHI – SHIMOGA 4TH CIRCUIT EXPLODED. BOTH BUSES AT SHIMOGA BECAME DEAD.  VARAHI AND MANGALORE ALSO BECAME DEAD BECAUSE OF LOAD – GENERATION MISMATCH.

25. DISTURBANCE IN KARNATAKA ON 02/09/04  THE ENTIRE POWER FROM HYDRO AND KAIGA WAS BEING EVACUATED THROUGH KAIGA- GUTTUR D/C.  SUBSEQUENTLY LINES KAIGA-GUTTUR D/C AND GUTTUR ICT TRIPPED. THIS CAUSED AN ISLAND OF SHARAVATHI,NAGHJERI,KAIGA WITH AROUND 500 MW LOAD. IN BLOCK SHARAVATHI,NAGHJERI BLOCK FREQUENCY WENT UPTO 50.8 HZ  KAIGA UNITS WENT ON HOUSE LOAD. KAIGA UNIT 1 SURVIVED AND WAS INTEGRATED WITH NAGJHERI BLOCK AT 15:33 HRS. KAIGA UNIT2 GOT POISONED OUT.

26. RESTORATION  GENARTION AT NAGJHERI WAS REDUCED AND 2 UNITS OF SHARAVATHI WERE SYNCHRONIZED.  GUTTUR-RANIBENNUR WAS CLOSED AND LOADS OF GUTTUR WERE TAKEN UP RADIALLY.THE GENERATION OF THIS BLOCK WAS STABLE AT 650 MW.  SUPPLY WAS EXTENDED TO KAIGA BY CLOSING ONE CIRCUIT OF KAIGA-GUTTUR LINE.  SHIMOGA BUS WAS ENERGIZED FROM PEENYA AND THE ISLAND WAS SYNCHRONIZED WITH REST OF THE GRID BY SYNCHRONIZING 220 KV SHARAVATHI-SHIMOGA CKT 1 AT 16:12 HRS.SUBSEQUENTLY SHARAVATH-SHIMOGA 3 WAS CLOSED.