1. By: Kate and Mary

2. Basic form of Present tense Basic form: Note the –s ending Uses : When something happens regularly or always I usually watch the late news. Beth drives a minivan. The sun sets in the west. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI walkYou walkHe/she/it walks PluralWe walkYou walkThey walk

3. Present Tense continued When something is happening at the present moment Only with be,have, verbs mental action, emotion, and the sense, such as hear, think, understand, feel, know. I am ready. They have coffee. I heat a plane. She understands it. They know the way.

4. Basic form of Past Tense Second principle part. Note the –ed ending on regular verbs. Use: When something was completed at a definite time in the past : I walked two miles yesterday. He died in 1826. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI walked (regular) I saw ( irregular)You walked, sawHe/she/it walked, saw PluralWe walked, sawYou walked, sawThey walked, saw

5. Basic form of Future tense Basic form : you shall or will + first principal part NOTE: in the U.S., shall is more formal than in other parts in the world Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI shall/will walkYou will walkHe/she/it had walked PluralWe shall/will be walking You will walkThey had walked

6. Uses of Future tense Use: For future happenings: I will(shall) walk tomorrow. She will study just before the test. The smiths will come. Will you walk tomorrow? I will walk.

7. Progressive Form of Present Tense be + ing form Uses: With most verbs, to stress that something is in progress at the present moment: She is traveling. In questions about things in progress: Are you walking? In negatives about things in progress: She is not walking. Person1 st 2 nd 3rd SingularI am walkingYou are walingHe/she/it is walking PluralWe are walkingYou are walkingThey are walking

8. Progressive form of Past Tense Be + -ing Uses To stress that something was in progress in the past: I was walking last night. In questions about things in progress in the past: Were you walking? In negatives about things in progress in the past: I wasn’t walking. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI was walkingYou were walkingHe/she/it was walking PluralWe were walkingYou were walkingThey were walking

9. Progressive From of Future Tense Shall or will + be + -ing Uses To stress that something will be in progress: I’ll be leaving soon. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI shall/will be walkingYou will be walkingHe/she/it will be walking PluralWe shall/will be walking You will be walkingThey will be walking

10. Emphatic Form of Present Tense Do + first principal part Uses In most other questions: Do you walk regularly? In most other negatives: I don’t walk. To emphasize the verb: You never remember my birthday. Yes, I do remember your birthday. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI do walkYou do walkHe/she/it does walk PluralWe do walkYou do walkThey do walk

11. Emphatic Form of Past Tense Did + first principal part Uses In most other questions: Did you walk? In most other negatives: I didn’t walk. To emphasize verb: Yes, I did remember your birthday. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI did walkYou did walkHe/she/it did walk PluralWe did walkYou did walkThey did walk

12. Emphatic Form of Future Tense None. Only the present and past have this form.

13. Basic form of Past Perfect Tense Had + third principal part Use When something has been completed earlier than something else in the past: She had walked for hours before help came. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI had walkedYou had walkedHe/she/it had walked PluralWe had walkedYou had walkedThey had walked

14. Basic form of Present Perfect tense Have or has + third principal part Uses When something started in the past but has some connection with the present: I’ve walked for hours(I am or may be still walking. When something happened at an indefinite time in the past: They have threatened a strike before. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI have walked, I have seenYou have walked, seenHe/she/it has walked, seen. PluralWe have walked, seenYou have walked, seenThey have walked seen

15. Basic form of Future Perfect tense Shall or will + have Use When something will already be completed at a certain future time: They will have escaped. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI shall/will have walkedYou will have walkedHe/she/it will have walked PluralWe shall/will have walked You will have walkedThey will have walked

16. Progressive form of Present Perfect tense Have or has + been + -ing Use To stress that something has been and still is in progress: I’ve been walking since noon. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI have been walkingYou have been walkingHe/she/it has been walking PluralWe have been walking You have been walkingThey have been walking

17. Progressive form of Past Perfect Tense Had + been + -ing Use To stress that something was earlier than something else in the past: I had been investing heavily when the market collapsed. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI had been walkingYou had been walkingHe/she/it had been walking PluralWe had been walkingThey had been walking

18. Progressive form of Future Perfect tense Shall or will + have been + -ing Use To stress that something will have been in progress at a future time: Next Monday he will have been working here a month. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI shall/will have been walkingYou will have been walking He/she/it will have been walking PluralWe shall/will have been walking You will have been walking They will have been walking

19. Conditional Form Would + first principal part Use When something depends on a less-than-probable future condition: if the stock market rose, bond prices would fall. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI would walkYou would walkHe/she/it would walk PluralWe would walkYou would walkThey would walk

20. Perfect Conditional Form Would have + third principal part Use When a past condition didn’t actually happen: If the stock market had risen, bond prices would have fallen. Person1 st 2 nd 3 rd SingularI would’ve walkedYou would’ve walkedHe/she/it would’ve walked PluralWe would’ve walkedYou would’ve walkedThey would’ve walked

21. Caution with the Conditional Don’t use would in both clauses: Wrong: If the stock market would have risen, bond prices would have fallen. Right: If the stock market had risen, bond prices would have fallen. Don’t say would have liked to have: Wrong: They would have liked to have seen Paris. Right: They would have liked to see Paris. They would like to have seen Paris.