1. Greek Gods and Goddesses Mrs. Cutler 2016

2. Characteristics of a Myth Stories that are passed down from generation to generation Stories that are passed down from generation to generation May explain natural phenomena May explain natural phenomena EX: seasonal changes, fire, floods, sun in the sky EX: seasonal changes, fire, floods, sun in the sky Involve gods/goddess Involve gods/goddess Mythology: a collection of myths Mythology: a collection of myths

3. Greek Mythology Used in Ancient Greece to explain human behavior and things that happened in the natural world. (1100 b.c.) Used in Ancient Greece to explain human behavior and things that happened in the natural world. (1100 b.c.) It was (and is) Religion It was (and is) Religion Multiple gods and goddesses Multiple gods and goddesses 12 main gods and goddesses 12 main gods and goddesses With ‘stories’ With ‘stories’ Live on Mt. Olympus Live on Mt. Olympus

4. Zeus King of the Gods, ruler of Earth and Mount Olympus King of the Gods, ruler of Earth and Mount Olympus Married to Hera, but constantly cheats on her Married to Hera, but constantly cheats on her Son of Cronus and Rhea Son of Cronus and Rhea Zeus locked his father away under the mountains Zeus locked his father away under the mountains Symbol: Lightning Bolt Symbol: Lightning Bolt

5. Poseidon God of the Sea God of the Sea Brother of Zeus and Hades Brother of Zeus and Hades Son of Cronus and Rhea Son of Cronus and Rhea Battled against Odysseus in The Odyssey Battled against Odysseus in The Odyssey Ability to shift shapes, sometimes changed into a horse Ability to shift shapes, sometimes changed into a horse Symbols: horse and trident Symbols: horse and trident

6. Hades Hades (refers to the god and name of the underworld) Hades (refers to the god and name of the underworld) God of the Underworld God of the Underworld Brother of Zeus and Poseidon Brother of Zeus and Poseidon Parents – Rhea and Cronus Parents – Rhea and Cronus Symbol – Cerberus (3 headed dog) Symbol – Cerberus (3 headed dog) Abducted Persephone and made her his queen Abducted Persephone and made her his queen because the girl had tasted of the food of Hades--a handful of pomegranate seeds--she was forced to forever spend a part of the year with her husband in the underworld. Her annual return to the earth in spring was marked by the flowering of the meadows and the sudden growth of the new grain. Her return to the underworld in winter, conversely, saw the dying down of plants and the halting of growth.

7. Hades

8. Aphrodite Goddess of love, fertility and beauty Goddess of love, fertility and beauty Born from the sea foam in the ocean Born from the sea foam in the ocean Most beautiful of all the goddesses Most beautiful of all the goddesses Daughter of Zeus Daughter of Zeus Married to Hephaestus but cheats on him with Ares Married to Hephaestus but cheats on him with Ares Symbol: dove Symbol: dove

9. Ares God of war and violence God of war and violence Son of Zeus and Hera Son of Zeus and Hera Handsome and cruel Handsome and cruel Usually wearing armor Usually wearing armor Symbol: bloodstained spear and armor Symbol: bloodstained spear and armor Sat on a throne made of human skin Sat on a throne made of human skin

10. Hephaestus God of crafts – Blacksmith God God of crafts – Blacksmith God The only lame and ugly god The only lame and ugly god Son of Zeus and Hera Son of Zeus and Hera His mother threw him out of heaven because he was ugly His mother threw him out of heaven because he was ugly Married Aphrodite Married Aphrodite Created Pandora’s box Created Pandora’s box Symbols: Crab, anvil Symbols: Crab, anvil

11. Apollo God of truth, light prophesy and music God of truth, light prophesy and music Son of Zeus and Leto Son of Zeus and Leto Brother of Artemis Brother of Artemis Portrayed as a young man (beardless) Portrayed as a young man (beardless) Symbols: lyre (musical instrument), bow and arrow Symbols: lyre (musical instrument), bow and arrow

12. Artemis Virgin goddess of the hunt and the moon Virgin goddess of the hunt and the moon Daughter of Zeus and Leto – Sister of Apollo Daughter of Zeus and Leto – Sister of Apollo She was born first and helped her mother deliver Apollo She was born first and helped her mother deliver Apollo Usually depicted wearing buckskins and carrying a bow and arrow Usually depicted wearing buckskins and carrying a bow and arrow

13. Athena Goddess of wisdom, battle and the city Goddess of wisdom, battle and the city Athens was named for her Athens was named for her Born from the head of Zeus Born from the head of Zeus Usually portrayed as a young woman with a shield and helmet Usually portrayed as a young woman with a shield and helmet Helped many heroes, including Odysseus in their adventures Helped many heroes, including Odysseus in their adventures Symbols: owl, armor Symbols: owl, armor

14. Dionysus God of wine and parties God of wine and parties Son of Zeus and Semele (mortal woman) Son of Zeus and Semele (mortal woman) Out of jealousy, Hera kills Semele and Zeus saves Dionysus Out of jealousy, Hera kills Semele and Zeus saves Dionysus Symbol – grapes and wine Symbol – grapes and wine

15. Hermes Messenger of the Gods Messenger of the Gods Son of Zeus and a nymph Son of Zeus and a nymph Aided Odysseus on his journey Aided Odysseus on his journey Guided souls to the Underworld Guided souls to the Underworld Hermes wore magic sandals and a helmet of darkness Hermes wore magic sandals and a helmet of darkness Symbol: staff made of willow and snakes Symbol: staff made of willow and snakes

16. Hera Sister and wife of Zeus Sister and wife of Zeus Daughter of Cronus and Rhea Daughter of Cronus and Rhea Goddess of marriage Goddess of marriage Beautiful goddess Beautiful goddess Often portrayed as petty and unforgiving Often portrayed as petty and unforgiving Symbols: peacock and pomegranate Symbols: peacock and pomegranate

18. The Humans

19. Odysseus Also called Ulysses Also called Ulysses King of Ithaca King of Ithaca Called to war against Troy which lasted 10 years Called to war against Troy which lasted 10 years Brains over brawn; very clever and sneaky Brains over brawn; very clever and sneaky Athena and Hermes Athena and Hermes http://Troy videoTroy video

20. Penelope Odysseus’ wife Odysseus’ wife She waits and waits for Odysseus to return She waits and waits for Odysseus to return Puts off marrying again but making a tapestry Puts off marrying again but making a tapestry

21. Telemachus Odysseus’ son Odysseus’ son Born shortly before Odysseus leaves for war Born shortly before Odysseus leaves for war Leaves to try to find father when he is a teenager Leaves to try to find father when he is a teenager

22. https://youtu.be/9RYGQQ_qybY