1. Growth Stages of the Rice Plant
Part 1: Understanding the PalayCheck System

2. We can observe the changes in their growth stages.
We can’t talk to our plants, or even ask them.
So how do we know what they need and when they need them?
Hey, how are you?
We can observe the changes in their growth stages.

6. For example

7. Stages in the VEGETATIVE PHASE

8. Stage 0 Germination to emergence Embryo starts to germinate
Variety, temperature, water and air affects growth
End of stage 0:
3 DAS first leaf appears

9. Stage 1
Seedling
Leaves continue to develop at the rate of 1 every 3-4 days during the early stage.
Secondary adventitious roots replace the temporary radicle.
20 to 25 -day-old seedling ready for transplanting.

10. Stage 2 Tillering Tillers displace a leaf as they grow and develop
Extends from first tiller to maximum tillering
At maximum tiller stage, some tillers die or level off

11. Stage 3
Stem elongation
Begins before panicle initiation in late-maturing varieties
In short-duration varieties, stem elongation and panicle initation occur simultaneously.

12. Stages in the REPRODUCTIVE STAGE

13. Stage 4 Panicle initiation to booting
Panicle at 7-10 days after initiation
Stage 4
Panicle initiation to booting
Begins with panicle primordium initiation at the tip of growing shoot
End of stage 4: young panicle is about to emerge
Spikelets become distinct.
‘Pagbubuntis’
You may get a shoot and open it, showing the spikelets, to know if seedling is at booting stage (nagbubuntis)

14. Stage 5 Heading ‘Head’ of the grain shows up
50% of the panicles have exerted
Usually takes days for all plants to complete heading

15. Stage 6 Flowering ‘Anthesis’-- flowering At flowering,
the florets open, anthers protrude, pollen is shed
florets then close
Occurs about 25 days after visual panicle initiation
Plant is most sensitive to stress

16. Stages in the RIPENING STAGE

17. The grain starts to fill with a white milky liquid that can be squeezed out.
The top of the panicle bends gently in an arc.
The panicle and the 3 uppermost leaves are green
Stage 7
Milk grain

18. Stage 8 Dough grain Noticeable changes: yellow spikelets
remaining leaves dry up
scenescence
Stage 8
Dough grain

19. Grains are fully developed, mature, golden yellow, and hard
Most of the upper leaves are dry and the panicles bent down
Stage 9
Mature grain

21. ACKNOWLEDGMENT: IRRI, PhilRice

22. This farmer, Manong Fred…
At which stage/s do my plants need water?

23. Which do you think are the stages where plants need water?
Germination to emergence
Seedling stage
Tillering
Stem elongation
Panicle initiation to booting
Heading
Flowering
Milk grain
Dough grain
Mature grain
You may do this as a group activity. Ask participants to defend their answers. If it is a group activity, ask a representative to report and defend their answers.

24. Stage 0 Management Considerations: Germination to emergence Water
Waking the seed
Metabolic activities
Translocation of food
Proper soaking of seeds
Temperature
Hasten activities
Above 40C no germination
Below 10C no germination
IDEAL 30C
Air
Respiration
Limited oxygen in water
Slow growth
Weak seedlings
STAGE 0

25. Stage 1 Management Considerations: Seedling
Care of seedlings in the seedbed
Sufficient water
Fertilizer application at 10 DAS
Seedling pulling
Avoid stress
STAGE 1
Transplanting
Minimize transplanting shock

26. Stage 2 Management Considerations: Tillering Water management
3-5 cm water depth
Nutrient management
Sufficient P-fertilizer (early tillering)
Sufficient N-fertilizer (mid-tillering)
Weed management

27. Stage 3 Management Considerations: Stem elongation - Variety selection
- Time of planting

28. Stage 4 Management Considerations: Panicle initiation to booting
- sufficient K-fertilizer
- 5-7cm water depth
THINK: Drinking too much water will be bad for you; drinking less than what you need will be too.

29. Stage 5 Management Considerations: Heading
-manage drought, it will cause significant yield
-protect plants from diseases, especially Blast

30. Stage 6 Management Considerations: Flowering -manage drought
-temperature
-strong wind and rain
What do you think happens when
there is not enough water at this stage?
Basic science tells us that water is essential in growth. Water will be essential for grain filling.

31. Stage 7 Management Considerations: Milk grain
-manage rice bug; rice bug is destructive at this stage

32. Stage 8
Dough grain
Management Considerations:
- drain water

33. Stage 9 Management Consideration: Mature grain
- harvest at % grain maturity or when most of the grains are golden yellow

34. Which do you think are the stages where plants need water?
Germination to emergence
Seedling stage
Tillering
Stem elongation
Panicle initiation to booting
Heading
Flowering
Milk grain
Dough grain
Mature grain
But not so much; too much can reduce tillering.

35. CREDITS Mr. Alfred Real Note:
Instructional presentation designer: Ms. Ella Lois T. Bestil and Mr. Alfred Real
Sources of technical content/reviewers of presentation:
Mr. Alfred Real
Note:
Adapted from a powerpoint presentation developed by: Mr. Alfred Real
You may use, remix, tweak, For more information, visit:
& build upon this presentation non-commercially. However, always use with acknowledgment.
Unless otherwise stated, the names listed are PhilRice staffers.
Produced in 2011.
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