1. The New Immigrants The Second Wave 1880-1930

2. Shift away from Northern and Western Europe to Eastern and Southern Europe. -poorer, more uneducated, different religions, more unskilled, very different cultures

3. 1905-1914 avg. of 1 million a year come to the US.

4. How did they get here? Luxury Liners-like Titanic—sank in 1912 »Steerage

5. Statue of Liberty First many would see in America.

6. Ellis Island Many immigrants to US came through Ellis Island from 1885-1920 –Over 12 million immigrants came through the processing center

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9. Medical Exam

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13. –Who paid for your trip –Occupation –Do you have any money –Have you ever been in prison –Do you speak English –Do you have a job set up –Do you have any relatives in the US –Must be mentally fit –Have documentation from home country

14. Great Hall.

15. Only about 2% rejected but it was big fear.

16. Where did most immigrants settle? Most in the cities in which they landed –In 1900- ½ of all immigrants settle in 4 states –New York, Mass., Penn, Ill

20. Immigrant Life in 1900 –Pay $ 5-10 a month, working 90 hours a week –Suffer prejudice Religious, language, ethnicity

21. Sweatshop labor Makeshift factories, dimly lit, poorly ventilate, unsafe working conditions, no fire escapes. Very low paid

22. Tenements: Overcrowded, unsanitary apartments put together in slums of major cities.

25. The New Groups Hungarian Family.

28. Jewish Immigration State encouraged pogroms: organized robberies, violence and murder of Jews Anti-Semitic: Discrimination against Jews In US. –Took advantage of free education –Suffer discrimination in US » Housing, jobs, social clubs settle mostly in NY During pre-WW II period US severely limited the immigration of Jews-condemning them to death in Germany.

29. Italians Came because of lack of jobs in Italy 1880-1920- 4 million Italians Mostly to Northeast Coast, Great Lakes and Calif. Prejudice because of religion-Catholic Very poor Uneducated Unskilled

30. Asian Immigrants –Chinese 1849 Gold Rush/Flood and Famine in China 1860 Railroad/ Flood and Famine in China 1882 Anti-Chinese Riots 1892-1902-Chinese Exclusion Act-halted all Chinese immigration-pure racism

31. Japanese Started in Hawaii- sugar plantations Farmers in California Fishing in Washington 1907 law limited Japanese immigration

32. 1917 Asiatic Barred Zone-to keep Asians out.

33. Puerto Rico – not immigrants technically 1917 Jones Act makes Puerto Ricans-American citizens –1940- 70,000 Puerto Ricans come to US uneducated, poor, can speak English, Catholic