1. 1.4 Applying the stipulations of first aid First aid is an aid to be given when an accident happens emergently, temporarily, and in short time. It doesn’t have to be done by experts. The objectives : To save and protect somebody from deadly danger To prevent physical deffect To alleviate victims’ burden

2. Instruments and medicine of first aid : Medicine Medicine for external use Medicine for internal use

3. Bandage Cotton Bandage equipment Plaster Roll bandage Triangular bandage Quick bandage Sterile kasa

4. Splints Scissors Thermometer pincers Big safety pin Oxygen tube Litter Treatment instrument

5. Rescuers’ attitude on first aid : Be adept, don’t panic, and just relax. Behave and act voluntarily. Always realize what relies on their shoulders(be responsible)

6. Things to be concerned on accident victims : Pay attention to victims’ breath condition and heart beat  make artificial respiration if necessary. Start a treatment by doing :  Prevent hemorrhaging  Tackling shock  Place victim with broken fracture in splints Pay attention to surrounding condition Avoid vomit aspiration  Lay victim down with head at an angle.

7. Kinds of work accident on agriculture field Being poisoned by Fungicide Pesticide Herbicide Derivate chlorobenzen Toxaphen Derivate indene Rat poison Suddenly falling Bitten by snake or scorpion Wounded

8. Disease caused by work : Tobaccosis  a disease caused by tobacco dirt Byssinosis  a disease caused by seeds or cotton fiber Bagassosis  a disease caused by cane pulp Critically inflamed Respiratory organs(pneumonia)  a disease caused by aerobacter cloacae Grain asthma  asthma caused by grain of rice and wheat Tamarind asthma  asthma caused by Javanese tamarind Flour asthma  being allergic to flour bug Dermatoid  a disease caused by fungi Aspergilloses  pneumonia happens to workers of wheat farm

9. Tackling injuries caused by work accident : Scrape –Clean scrape –Use medicine for external use such as merccuricrhome, betadine, sterile sulfa powder –Cover the scrape using dry bandage Bruised injury –Apply cold compress –After 24 hours  apply warm compress Torn injury –Clean, give careful treatment and put bandage on it

10. Penetrated injury - Clean with sterile cotton - Visit a doctor for further treatment to avoid infection Burn injury - Clean with soap and water - Rub with petroleum or 5% boorzalf - Then wrap with bandage Bone fracture - Take victims to a doctor - The victims should not move broken parts of body For complex injury  Cover injury with sterile bandage

11. Tackling injury (continuation) Shock caused by electric current - Feel victims’ pulse and heart beat - If unheard  give artificial and advanced respiration - Treat any injuries Sting inflicted by the heat of the sun - Move victims to a cool place - Lie victims on their back - Take them to a doctor - Apply cold compress on head - Make their body cold by covering their bodies with cold blanket and provide with fan

12. Tackling injury (continuation) Being bitten by snake or scorpion - Tie a splint to the injured upper part of body - Remove blood from injured part - Apply antivenom  this is to netralize animal poison

13. Medicine for external use : Zalf : ivertran zalf  for burn injury Ichtiol zalf  for curing ulcer Penicilin zalf  for infection Bioplacenton jelli  for burn injury Liquid : Mercurocrhom, yodium tincture, alchohol, rivanol, betadin Powder : Salisil talk, sufanilamid, dll.

14. Medicine for internal use : To prevent infection : Ampicillin, Trisulka, Tetracylin To release paint and ease fever : Antalgin, Paracetamol Allergy : CTM, Avil Cough : OBH, Codein Sore eye : eye ointment, sore eye drop Diarrhea : Enteroviofrom, nont Stomachache : Baralgin, Buscopan