1. The Circulatory System Ch. 46

2. Circulatory System Two Systems make up the Circulatory System: 1. Cardiovascular system: the blood, heart, & blood vessels. 2. Lymphatic system: the lymph, lymph nodes, & lymph vessels.

3. Cardiovascular System Functions: 1. Transports nutrients, hormones, & gases. 2. Remove wastes. 3. Help maintain a constant body temperature.

4. Lymphatic System Function: part of the immune system; trap and filter pathogens; collect excess fluid (lymph). Lymph nodes (mini filters) store lymphocytes.

5. Circulation Pattern & Heart Structures -Pattern of Flow Video Clip

6. Heartbeat Control Sinoatrial Node (SA Node) located in the right atrium. “pacemaker” Atrioventricular Node (AV Node) located in the upper septum.

7. Vital Signs: 1. Blood Pressure: pressure of the blood exerted in the arterial walls. -systolic pressure- when the ventricles contract -diastolic pressure- when the ventricles are relaxed Movie Clip 2. Pulse: Pressure waves in arteries from contraction of the left ventricle. 3. Respiration Rate 4. Temperature

8. Blood Vessels Arteries Arterioles Capillaries Venules Veins

9. Patterns of Circulation Pulmonary Circulation Coronary Circulation Hepatic Portal Circulation Renal Circulation

10. Flow of Blood

11. Blood (Ch. 46.2) Parts of the Blood: 1. Plasma- liquid part of the blood, mostly water. Carries nutrients for the cells. 2. Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)- transport oxygen & carbon dioxide. Formed in the red marrow of cells. -Hemoglobin- transport oxygen and carbon dioxide. -no nuclei -life span of 120-130 days

12. 3. Platelets- help form blood clots. -Fibrin (protein) is produced that forms a sticky web, forming a clot. Blood Clot Animation 4. White Blood Cells (leukocytes)- help defend the body against disease. -formed in the red marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. -larger than RBC’s -can live many years -Antibodies & Phagocytes

13. Blood Types- A, B, O, AB -Antigens- protein or carbohydrate that signal the body that something foreign has entered it. -Rh factor- antigen present on the surface of RBC’s. Majority of humans are Rh +.

14. Diseases & Conditions Hypertension- high blood pressure. (Hauser!) Hypotension- low blood pressure. Atherosclerosis- buildup of plaque in the blood vessel walls of the heart. “Narrowing of the arteries.” Can cause blockages that can lead to a heart attack.

15. Structure of a Heartbeat