1. Numeracy in Geography Calculating

2. Working with Numbers Mean – The mean is calculated by finding the sum of all the numbers and divided by the total number of values Mode – The most frequency observed data value. There may be no mode if no value appears more than any other. Range – The data range refers to the difference between the highest and lowest observed data value.

3. Study the following data – Calculate the mean, mode and range for each location LocationJFMAMJJASOND Auckland192019161412101113141618 Dunedin15 141297789111214

4. Answers AucklandDunedin Mean15.1º C11º C Mode14, 16, 197,9,12,14,15 Range108

5. Study the data, showing life expectancy in Central Africa and calculate the Mean. Mode and Range RegionLife Expectancy at Birth ( 2006 ) Angola41 Cameroon51 Central African Republic48 Chad46 Congo54 Democratic Republic of Congo47 Equatorial Guinea46 Gabon58 Sao Tome and Principe61

6. Answers A. 50.2 year Mean B 46 Mode C 20 Range

7. Positive and Negative Graphs Use the data in the following table to create a positive and negative graph to show the net migration trends for selected countries 2008 – 2012 CountryNet Migration Albania-50,000 Australia750,000 Ghana-100,000 Italy900,000 Philippines-700,000 New Zealand75,000

8. Using your graph answer the following questions 1. Which country had the greatest net migration? 2. Which country has the least net migration? 3. Describe the migration trends between developed and developing countries.

9. Answers 1. Italy 2. Philippines 3. People leave developing countries ( such as Ghana, Albania, and the Philippines ) and enter developed countries ( such as Australia, Italy and NZ )

10. Calculating percentage change To calculate percentage change apply the following formula Percentage change = ( difference between the two values ) x 100 Original Value 1 For example – in 1960 NZ’s population was 2.37 million. In 2010, it was estimated at 4.38 million. The percentage increase between 1960 and 2010 would be calculated as follows Percentage change ( 4.38 million – 2.37 million ) x 100 2.37 million 1 = 84%

11. Putting it into practice Calculate the percentage change for Jonesland and create a positive and negative graph. Jonesland – Changes in rural land use patterns 1970 – 2000 Landuse Types19702000 Intensive grassland6200088000 Extensive grassland7400042000 Horticulture120006000 City Growth1700028000

12. 1. 41.9 % 2. -43.24% 3. -50% 4. 64.7%

13. Review task Calculate the percentage change for the following 1956 Population NZ2006 Population NZ 21740614027947 Median Age 1956Median Age 2006 2936

14. Triple Axes Graphs Triple Axis Graphs are another variation of the basic scattergraph. They are used to compare three variables. A common use of a triple axes graph is to show the composition of soils. This graph can be used for the percentage comparison of any three related variables. PrimarySecondaryTertiary 12.836.350.9

16. Use the statistics to create a triple axes graph for Ethnic Employment by Sector NZ 1991 Ethnic GroupPrimarySecondaryTertiary European112168 Maori93061 Pacific Island24256 Other52273

18. Construct a triple axes graph to show Employment sectors NZ 1995 MonthPrimarySecondaryTertiary March10.224.964.9 June1024.565.5 September9.824.465.8

20. Employment by sector for selected countries 2001 CountryPrimarySecondaryTertiary Afghanistan8010 Brazil232453 China502327 Denmark41779 Egypt292249

21. Scattergraphs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGV5xibEfv0&feature=youtu.be

22. Scatter graph creation Use the data below to construct a scatter graph – remember the title must have the term relationship between. Female literacy and fertility rates for selected countries 2001 CountryFemale Literacy rate % Fertility Rate children per women Australia1001.77 Bangladesh492.72 Nepal144.48 Singapore901.23 Somalia267.05

23. Create a scatter graph Draw a line of best fit Is the relationship positive or negative State a generalisation you can make from the graph Is there a residual point, if so name the country

24. Create a scatter graph using the figures below – daily calorie and low birth rate 1988 CountryDaily calorie intakeLow birth rate % Kenya220018 China27006 Hungary350010 India220030 Brazil27009 USA37008

25. Calculating Area 1. Count how many full squares there are. 2. Work out what the part squares will equal e.g. 0.7 or.04 3. Add all the totals up 4. Lastly take the total number of squares e.g. 12.3 and multiply it by the scale squared e.g. 3 x 3 = 9² 5. This will equal 12.3km x 9km = 110.7km² Do not forget your units

28. Use the diagram below to calculate the area

29. Answer 28km² will accept 28-30km²

30. Use the next image to calculate the area of A – Samston Urban Area B – The Area of exotic forest C - The Sea In square kilometres

32. Answers A = 1km² B = 10km² C= 10.5 km² will accept + or – 0.5 km²

33. Multi-line graphs When constructing multi line graphs is recommended you use a key Remember if it is estimating numbers in the future the line should change to a dash line from the point it is estimated Double check your graph does it have SPLATZ – too many of you are forgetting the basics you need to try and make this graph with no errors ( imagine this is in the exam )

34. Use the data to create a multi line graph showing population change in selected regions of the world. Census YearMore developed regions (000s) Less developed regions ( 000’s) Least developed countries (000’s) 19901,147,3454,143,107524,764 19951,174,6804,538,393599,098 20001,194,9674,920,400676,929 20051,216,5505,295,726761,847 20101,237,2295,671,460854,697

35. Calculating percentage change Using the table before calculate the percentage change for the more developed regions between 1990 and 2010.

36. Answer 7.8%