1. Injection scheme for ultimate storage ring with double RF system Bocheng Jiang SSRF AP group SINAP. CAS 2014.9.18 LOWεRING 2014

2. Outline I.USR dynamic aperture II.Overview of injection scheme III.Twin RF buckets generation IV.Injection beam dynamics V.Conclusions

3. USR DA ALS-II H. Tarawneh, C. Steier, R. Falcone, D. Robin, et al. Spring-8 II Y. Shimosaki, K. Soutome, J. Schimizu, et al. IPAC 11 APS MBA lattice Yipeng Sun, Michael Borland, PAC 13 Beijing Advance photon source Xu gang, et al. SSRF-UR, S. Q. Tian To be optimized

4. USR DA Cancelation resonance driving term up to 4 th order Yunhai Cai, et al. A Split Magnet TME (SM-TME) cell. A. Bogomyagkov, E. Levichev, P. Piminov IDs Alignment and Field errors

5. Injection schemes 3mm Stored beam 1mm Septum Injected beam ~5~9mm Local bump injection, DA>~10mm MAX IV S. C. Leemann, PR-STAB, 15, 050705 (2012) Pulsed Multipole, DA>~5mm Sirius Sirius Detailed Design Report, 2014

6. Injection schemes Fast TEM mode Kicker off axis injection DA ~2mm T. Nakamura M. Borland On axis injection DA < ~2mm

7. Injection schemes Longitudinal inject without swap out DA < ~2mm M. Aiba, M. Böge, Á. Saá Hernández, et al. IPAC14

8. Twin RF buckets generation RF system: 250MHz （ V m ） + 500MHz （ V 2 ） Voltage of both systems modulated. step123456789101112131415 00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.911111 110.950.90.850.80.750.70.60.50.40.30.20.10 Movie

9. Twin RF buckets generation Longitudinal acceptance evolution. Blue for stored beam, green for injection. Movie

10. Twin RF buckets generation Step ‘magenta’ is crucial. Forward process new RF buckets are created. Backward process, inject bunch is dumped to main RF bucket.

11. Beam dynamics Energy acceptance evolution. Energy acceptance 0.67% Quantum lifetime >10Hours Touschek lifetime ~ 5 min Assume the step takes 1 second, 0.5% charge lost. Will captured by the created bucket, will be swap-out when injection occur, appears like an injection efficiency drop.

12. Beam dynamics Lattice7BA E 0 (GeV)3.0 C (m)432 ν x/y 47.19/12.13 Vrf (MV)1.5 Emittance (pm)205pm Transverse coupling10% Damping time (x,y,z) (ms) 11.1,19.7,16.2 Bunch charge0.4mA/bunch (3.6e9 electrons) Slip factor2.2e-4 Energy spread0.08% U 0 (MeV)0.438 Bunch length (mm)4.9 Main RF frequency (MHz) 250 2 nd RF frequency (MHz)500 Main parameters of SSRF-UR (preliminary) for beam dynamic study Twiss parameters of a quarter of SSRF-UR (preliminary)

13. Beam dynamics Tracking of transverse motion of injected bunch(snapshot at maximum dispersion point) Longitudinal and transverse oscillation of injected bunch at dumping step.

14. Beam dynamics Bunch length evolution of stored bunch. ~20% Bunch length evolution Solution: Gating the light at injection IBS induce emittance growth ZAP result

15. Beam dynamics A typical filling patter for SSRF (500-bunch train +220 empty buckets Asymmetric filling pattern results transient beam loading, which will cause phase shift between bunch train head and tail. The effect can be evaluated by following formula

16. Beam dynamics 10s of RF modulation time long enough for RF adjustment and longer enough for beam to catch up synchrotron phase +20s extra RF modulation time, Injection duty ratio is acceptable. ~ 15m One cycle of injection RF modulation ~ 20s ~ 15m One cycle of injection RF modulation ~ 10s Initial injection Top up injection ~ 10m Decay RF modulation ~ 10s Top up injection ~ 10s ~ 10m Decay RF modulation ~ 10s Top up injection ~ 10s

17. Conclusions A alternative choice on axis injection scheme. All the perturbations are acceptable expect IBS RF voltage change duration around 10s, which is not a large cost comparing to several minutes of decay time for top up injection.

18. Thanks for Attentions!