1. Happy Thursday Buffs!! BELLWORK: WRITE DOWN ONLY WHAT THE QUESTION IS ASKING AND YOUR ANSWER…

2. TEST Results

3. Front Back Vocabulary Word Definition of the word. A drawing that reminds you of the definition of the word. (Must use at least one color.) Unit ___ - ______________________

4. Front Back Biology The study of life

5. Unit 1 – Biomolecules Definition Due Thursday (9/08/16) All Parts Due Thursday (9/15/16) 1.Amino Acid 2.Biomolecule 3.Carbohydrate 4.Catalyst 5.Dehydration Synthesis 6.Enzyme 7.Hydrolysis 8.Lipid 9.Monomer 10.Nucleic Acid 11.Polymer 12.Products 13.Protein 14.Reactants 15.Substrate 16.Atom 17.Molecule 18.Macro- 19.Macromolecule 20.Poly 21.Mono 22.Lysis 23.Synthesis 24.Monosaccharide 25.Polysaccharide 26.Fatty Acid 27.Triglyceride 28.Polypeptide 29.Active Site 30.Enzyme-Substrate Complex

6. Journals… Table of Contents: Page 7 “Biochemistry” Page 7 right side, prepare for cornell notes. Essential Question How are molecules formed? Essential Question:

7. Standard (4B) The student will investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis, energy conversions, transport of molecules, and synthesis of new molecules. Essential Question How are molecules formed?

8. Intro to Biochemistry *THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE…

9. Just as buildings are made from bricks, steel, glass, and wood, living things are made from chemical compounds. For this reason, to truly understand living things, we must also have an understanding of chemistry.

10. 1. Biochemistry…The Basics Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space Element: matter made of only one type of atom Atom: basic units of matter Molecule: two or more atoms bonded together

11. The Fab Five Elements In Biology this year, we will be focusing on 5 main elements. They are… CarbonHydrogenOxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus

12. Notice just how much of the human body they compose That’s 96.8% of your total body composition!

13. Carbon in Chemical Structures Carbon is so common in living organisms that they can sometimes be omitted to save time. Anywhere there is a corner without a letter, that means a carbon is actually there. Carbons are represented By the letter C

14. Hydrogen is represented By the letter H Hydrogen in Chemical Structures

15. Nitrogen in Chemical Structures Nitrogen is represented By the letter N

16. Phosphorus in Chemical Structures Phosphorus is represented By the letter P

17. Bonds, bonds, bonds! Molecules are atoms bonded together. The bond stores energy. When that bond is broken, energy is released. More bonds = More energy potential!! Each one of the “lines” in the diagram represents a “bond”

18. How do bonds form and break? *Left side question

19. 2. Chemical Reactions Chemical reaction = the process by which atoms bond together or break apart. A chemical bond occurs when two or more elements react together to form a chemical compound (molecule). The compound is unique from its parent atoms.

20. Chemical equation: How scientists describe a chemical reaction. Reactants: what goes IN to the chemical reaction, left side of arrow Products: what is produced from the reaction, right side of arrow (Reactants) (Products) 2Na + Cl 2  2NaCl

21. There are several important types of chemical reactions that occur everyday Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

22. There are several important types of chemical reactions that occur everyday

23. Cooking Batteries

24. There are several important types of chemical reactions that occur everyday Detergents

25. 3.Macromolecules A. Macromolecules = large molecules made from smaller molecules. B.Polymer (many parts) macromolecule made up of many smaller, repeating molecules. C.Monomer (one part) is a single unit which is bonded together to make polymers.

26. There are two types of reactions important to making monomers and polymers

27. 1. Dehydration synthesis = polymers (bonds) are formed by removing water.

28. Dehydration synthesis Examples: cake batter (moisture) comes together to form a cake (dry) Leaving pan in oven too long, much “harder” to clean Glue left out…as water evaporates…. Plate of food left out over night…much harder to clean Grapes “dehyrdrated” become raisins Sun “dried” tomatoes POOP!!! All of these are common examples of dehydration synthesis. In the absence of water the remaining molecules are “forced to bond” with each other…polymerization

29. 2. Hydrolysis = breaking down polymers into monomers by the addition of H 2 O. Hydro=water Lysis= to cut

30. Hydrolysis Examples: Eating “dry” bread….Drink “water”…bread breaks down faster Hard to clean dish? What’s the first thing you add? Tough Stain? Most cleaners first ingredient….water Spill water on a fresh painting…what happens? Hard packed, cracked soil becomes gloopy mud when it rains All of these are common examples of dehydration synthesis. In the absence of water the remaining molecules are “forced to bond” with each other…polymerization

31. Notice that dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis are opposite reactions!!

32. 4. Organic chemistry: the study of compounds that contain carbon atoms. Organic = contains carbon Inorganic = does NOT contain carbon

33. A. Carbon atoms are so special because: They have four valence electrons allowing them to join with an electron from another atom to form a strong covalent bond. 1. They can bond with many different elements. 2. They can bond to other carbon atoms forming chains or rings. 3. They have the ability to form millions of different large and complex structures.

34. B. There are four types of organic compounds found in living things…

35. The Essential Biomolecules… 1.Carbohydrates- Sugars, Starch, Dietary Fiber 2. Lipids- Fats, Oils, Waxes 3. Proteins- Muscles, enzymes, tissues 4. Nucleic Acids- Genetic Material

36. Shoulder Partner Exercise… What is the Monomer that makes up the following Polymers…..

37. What is the monomer in the above polymer pictured?

46. 245162451624516245162451624516

47. What is the monomer in the above polymer pictured? 131391391213139139121313913912

48. What is the monomer in the above polymer pictured? 86753098675309867530986753098675309