1. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Unit 7 Section 13 Globalization and Environmental Issues TYWL: Global interaction may be caused by conflict

2. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Question of the Day The creation of the European Union (EU) and of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) were efforts to a.achieve world peace through military alliances b.reduce resource depletion through economic planning c.address environmental problems through coordinated research d.attain economic benefits through regional organization

3. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Globalization began 500 years ago, at the time of the Columbian Exchange. By 2000, globalization was taking place at a rapid rate. The rise of free trade, improvements in transportation and communication, and the spread of democratic systems has increased economic interdependence in today’s world.

4. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Nations depend on each other for goods, resources, knowledge, and labor. Financial markets are interconnected. These connections create opportunities and challenges. Interdependence is a major effect of globalization.

5. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Globalization led to the growth of multinational corporations. Huge companies have assets in many countries and sell goods or services worldwide. Defenders of these corporations argue they invest in the developing world, provide jobs, and improve infrastructure and technology. Critics say they take profits out of developing countries and pay workers wages that are too low.

6. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Natural resources—especially oil—play a huge role in the global economy. When OPEC limited oil exports in 1973, economies suffered around the world. People have began to invest in alternative fuels, but the world is still dependent on oil.

7. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. To solve the crisis, banks lowered interest rates and cancelled some debts. Lenders also required developing nations to adopt market reforms. Developing nations spent income from exports on payments to foreign lenders. Western banks were stuck with bad debts. Bank interest rates rose in the 1980s. Developing nations could not repay loans they had taken out to modernize. Interdependence contributed to a debt crisis in developing nations in the 1980s.

8. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Because the world is connected financially, a crisis in one nation or region can have a global impact. Wealthy nations shored up their economies with costly stimulus plans and bailouts. Several European nations faced crippling debt. Developing nations felt the impact as prices for their exports fell and international aid decreased. In 2008, a banking crisis in the United States rippled through the world as global stock markets plunged.

9. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The United Nations was created to keep the peace, but it also deals with political and social issues. The World Bank offers loans and technical advice to developing nations. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) promotes global economic growth and monetary cooperation. International organizations and treaties have greatly expanded since 1945.

10. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The World Trade Organization was organized in 1995. It opposes protectionism and seeks to keep the flow of world trade smooth and free. The Group of Eight (G-8) is an organization of industrialized nations that meets annually to discuss economic issues. Its members are Canada, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, and the United States. International treaties promote and set guidelines for global trade.

11. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) links Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) eases trade among Pacific Rim nations. The African Union deals with both economic and political issues. Nations have formed regional blocs, such as the European Union, to promote trade.

12. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. Benefits Brings consumers variety and low prices Exposes people to new ideas Generates money that can be used to provide services such as education Promotes democracy Costs Can cause poor countries to go into debt and lower their standard of living Disrupts indigenous people’s land and culture Encourages too-rapid development, which compromises sustainability Global trade has costs and benefits.

13. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas. They oppose the tough changes that such organizations require developing nations to make and accuse developed nations of exploiting poorer countries. The anti-globalization movement targets organizations such as the World Bank, the World Trade Organization, and the International Monetary Fund.

14. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.

15. Environmental issues are any such issues created due to human activities and cause harm to the environment.

21. Japan maintains 1/3 of its electric production from nuclear power plants. However the Fukushima Nuclear power Plant Disaster on 11 th march, 2011 proved the failures of nuclear power. 3 out of the 5 reactors in the plant started leaking following an earthquake in the nearby region. Over 1,40,000 people were evacuated from the nearby area. The disaster was rated as 7 out of 7 on INES scale. Japan maintains 1/3 of its electric production from nuclear power plants. However the Fukushima Nuclear power Plant Disaster on 11 th march, 2011 proved the failures of nuclear power. 3 out of the 5 reactors in the plant started leaking following an earthquake in the nearby region. Over 1,40,000 people were evacuated from the nearby area. The disaster was rated as 7 out of 7 on INES scale.

22. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.

23. Major Issues:-

24. TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.

29. India has made one of the fastest progress in the world, in addressing its environmental. Floods are a significant environmental issue for India. It causes soil erosion, destruction of wetlands & wide migration of solid wastes. India is recognized as has having major issues w/water pollution, predominately due to untreated sewage.