1. Passive Solar Construction The history and the principles

2. The Greeks did it The ancient Greeks planned whole cities in Greece and Asia Minor. Every homeowner had access to sunlight during winter to warm their homes. Every home faced south, permitting the winter sun to flow into the house throughout the day.

3. Great Thinkers of the Past Aristotle noted, builders made sure to shelter the north side of the house to keep out the cold winter winds. Socrates, who lived in a solar-heated house, observed, "In houses that look toward the south, the sun penetrates the portico in winter" which keeps the house heated in winter.

4. The Romans did it Cross section of a Roman Heliocaminus. The term means "sun furnace." The Romans used the term to describe their south- facing rooms. They became much hotter in winter than similarly oriented Greek homes because the Romans covered their window spaces with mica or glass.

5. Roman Greenhouse The ancient Romans not only used window coverings to hold in solar heat for their homes but also relied on such solar heat traps for horticulture so that plants would mature quicker, produce fruits and vegetables out of season, and allow for the cultivation at home of exotic plants from hotter climates.

6. Native Americans did it Manitou Dwellings South facing to heat homes in the winter with the cliff overhang to protect from the hot summer sun.

7. First Adobe Village American solar architecture began with its indigenous heritage. Acoma, built by the Pueblo Indians in the 12th century AD and continuously inhabited since then., serves as an excellent example of their sensitivity to building with the climate in mind.

8. New Englanders did it Settlers in New England considered the climate when they built their homes. They often chose "saltbox" houses that faced toward the winter sun and away from the cold winds of winter. These structures had two south-facing windowed stories in front where most of the rooms were placed and only one story at the rear of the building.

9. Twentieth Century The Nazis condemned functional architecture as Jewish and when they came to power, a good number of German architects designing solar buildings fled, many ending up in America. George Fred Keck, a Chicago architect, befriended some of these expatriates and through their influence began designing homes in the Chicago area according solar building principles

10. FINE TUNING SOLAR HOMES Studies of houses with large amounts of glass on the south side demonstrated that they experience much greater temperature swings than ordinary homes. Hot during the day with heat loss through the windows at night. Tucson Architect Arthur Brown did away with the unwanted fluctuations in temperature by running a thick black (Trombe Wall) between the sun porch next to the south facing glass and the living quarters.

11. SOLAR HEATING FOR THE PUBLIC Tucson-based architect Arthur Brown, also designed in 1948 the world's first solar-heated public building. The roof itself served as the solar collector. The sun's energy heated the air and a fan distributed that heat into the classrooms when needed. The solar system provided the school with 86% of its heat.

12. Cheap Fossil Fuel Cheap energy running highly reliable and easy to use heating and cooling systems led to an almost universal disinterest in solar design.

13. Principles of Solar Home Design 1.Winter: Sun In: Orientation and Angle. 2. Summer: Keep Sun out: Use of Eaves, shade zones, and color. 3. Storage: Thermal Mass: Store warmth in the winter; store “cooleth” in summer; keeps temperature even 4. Weatherization: Keep warmth in in the winter and out in the summer. 5. Air Circulation: For Cooling and Warming

14. Let Sun In: Orientation

15. Let Sun In: Direct Gain: Glass: the magic solar heating technology 7:100 South Glass to Floor Area without Thermal Mass Up to 12:100 with Thermal Mass (Depending on Weatherization)

16. Let Sun In: South Facing Windows

17. Let Winter Sun In: Clerestory Windows

18. Summer: Keep Sun Out

19. Eaves to Keep Summer Sun Out: Let Winter Sun In

20. Direct Gain with Thermal Mass Aim for 3 times the south facing glass (or more) Thermal Mass

21. Trombe Wall with Windows

22. Keep Sun’s Energy In: Weatherization:

23. Conventional insulation

24. Insulation: SIPs: Structural Insulated Panels OSB Board Foam Insulation

25. Awesome Passive Solar Home Note: South facing glass and thermal mass and split level design, day lighting, adobe textures/style