1. Why WMA’s are failing, and what is needed to make them more attractive for investors. Joint presentation by the Hotel Association of Tanzania (HAT) and The Tanzanian Association of Tour Operators (TATO) 15.3.2016 Arusha, Tanzania

2. HAT – Hotels Association of Tanzania

3. TATO – Tanzanian Association of Tour operators Was established in 1983 to represent Tour Operators in Tanzania. Has over 250 members from mainland and Zanzibar. Main role of TATO is advocacy for the Tourism Business environment in Tanzania TATO aims to present the interests of it members in all spheres which entail collective representation It is also worth to note that TATO runs and manages the famous KARIBU FAIR.

4. Current trends More lodges closing than new lodges investing in WMA’s Increase in additional seasonal camps in the National parks. Investors more interested in investing in NP’s than WMA’s Operators booking lodges and camps in NP’s to avoid the challenges of booking in WMA’s. Increased human wildlife conflict and decreasing tourism potential outside of NP

5. Key current Issues for Investors in WMA’s 1.Funds 1.Funds – revenue distribution - suggesting full, or maximum possible, payment to WMA directly 2.Single entry permits & fees 2.Single entry permits & fees – (Tourism) between WMAs and NPs - Force WMAs out of the market, unequal competition vs complimenting 3.Payment modality 3.Payment modality – System often down, not flexible, not user-friendly, discourages visitors 4.Value of Wildlife tourism 4.Value of Wildlife tourism – Threatened by excessive livestock utilisation and diminishing wildlife experience. 5.Stakeholder communication 5.Stakeholder communication – Mandatory quarterly meetings plus Arbitration Board required

6. 1. Distribution of Funds Challenges Investors under pressure, caught between the WMA authority, Village Authority and the Wildlife Division Suggestions Full ownership of WMA by village WMA to pay taxes & levies to district / TRA etc. Funds allocation to village based on % of land given to the WMA Alternative option: larger % of income to WMA ( Naura Springs)

7. yearNo of pax $ 2005379643,901 2006569881,925 2007660792,228 2008593184,432 2009414495.003 20104434117,475 20115779154,480 20126080156.965 20135159133,186 10145524120,127 20154798101,271 Distribution of Funds - example 2011 – Tarangire Tree Tops Paid Lolkisale village $154,480 2015 – Tarangire tree tops paid Wildlife division $101,271 65% to WMA = $65,826 20% to WD = $20,254 15% to District = $10,127 50% of WMA fee goes to WMA and 50% to community = $32,913 $32,913 / 6 villages = $5,485 Recommendation – 100% revenue to WMA Each village receives revenue pro rata to the % of land they contribute to the WMA

8. 2. Competition between WMAs and NPs Challenges Single entry permits decreasing WMA revenue significantly. Agents and operators sending their guests directly to National Parks. Single entry permits decreasing WMA revenue significantly. Agents and operators sending their guests directly to National Parks. Suggestions Multiple entry permits

9. In Burunge and Maramboi Tented Camps all guests are visiting nearby Tarangire NP. Paying $45 Park Entry Fees and $9.375 Vehicle and Guide Same guest(s) on the same day go outside for accommodation in CWMA –Burunge/Maramboi and forced to again pay $15 bed night fees, in addition to $10 Entry Fees, then another $ 3.125 Vehicle Fee making a total cost for the guest(s) to be $45+$15+$10= $70 in CWMA v/s $45 inside Tarangire NP. WHY WOULD TOURISTS WANT TO STAY IN CWMAs? HOW DO WE EXPECT THE CWMA TO BE SUSTAINABLE? 2. Example for Single entry permits:

10. 3. Payment modality Challenges System often down, not flexible, not user-friendly, discourages tourists Guests sometimes undecided Huge delays until funds reach WMA Suggestions Gate has a permit book and lodge issues permits electronically

11. Challenges Increasing livestock and grazing pressure, migrant cattle Who can enforce WMA status? Guest feedback – “ we are coming for a wildlife experience, too much livestock” insufficient key species. Suggestions Honouring designated hunting Zones and seasons Honouring livestsock exclusion zones 4. Value of wildlife tourism

12. 5. Stakeholder communication Challenges No communication channel between investors and WMA authorities. Suggestions Mandatory quarterly meetings Independent National Arbitration Board comprising…....

13. 1.Build ‘Technical Capacity’ within WMA’s and their communities. 2.Involve all stakeholders in revisiting policies, laws and regulations of WMA’s. 3.Involve stakeholders in the establishment of WMA’s. ) find the investor before you establish the WMA) 4.Single payment system for all conservation / protected areas under MNRT. 5.To increase revenues have a reduced and hassle free resident / citizen rate. Additional recommendations