1. At the end of each trial, the correct category was revealed and the subjects recorded the accuracy of their category guess. Persistent Identifiers, Discoverability, and Open Science Fiona Murphy Kerstin Lehnert Brooks Hanson David Mellor Problem International Geo Sample Number Logistical Challenges Adoption, Implementation, and Next Steps The traditional research paper is the only widely accreditable research output. Because of this, researchers face few incentives to make other parts of their research accessible. The data used in publications can often be hard to access. Data collected but never used in a publication are even harder to use. Other parts of the research lifecycle face similar obstacles: if they’re not included in the final publication, they will be lost. Educational For reproducibility and interoperability to be meaningful and well- understood, appropriate standards need to be agreed. Amongst these, Persistent Identifiers (PIDs) could well form a key part. However, in order to do so they need to be understood by the respective research communities. Technical In addition, workflows need to be optimized (and as far as possible automated) for accurate use and, if there are implications for workloads, consideration given to resourcing and training requirements. Suggested Best Practices for Journals Work with funders to incentivize data sharing, publication, & re-use We need to work with relevant societies, publishers, and journal editors to ensure these policies are widely disseminated. Adapt guidelines to become discipline specific. Training: researchers must cite data and peer reviewers must expect it. Integrate COPDESS Directory with the Open Science Framework The COPDESS directory will help you, as an Earth and Space science researcher, author, or journal, find the right repository for your data, based on data type, discipline, & other relevant repository factors. https://copdessdirectory.osf.io/ Example Data Policy Statement Best Practices Include a statement about data availability & link to COPDESS. Editors, reviewers, and staff evaluate data and affirm availability. Additional data policy statements: http://www.copdess.org/datapolicies/ Education, Values, and Incentives American Astronomical Society | American Geophysical Unio | American Meteorological Society | Biological &Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (BCO-DMO) | Center for Open Science | CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office (CCHDO) | Community Inventory of EarthCube Resources for Geosciences Interoperability (CINERGI) | Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI) | Continental Scientific Drilling Coordination Office (CSDCO) | COOPEUS | Copernicus Publications | Council of Data Facilities | Dryad | Elsevier | European Geosciences Union | Geochemical Society | Geological Data Center of Scripps Institution of Oceanography | Geological Society of America | Geological Society of London | GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences | ICSU World Data System | Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) | Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA) | International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP) | John Wiley and Sons | LacCore: National Lacustrine Core Facility | Magnetics Information Consortium (MagIC) | Mineralogical Society of America | Neotoma Paleoecology Database | National Snow and Ice Data Center | Nature Publishing Group | Nordicana D | OpenTopography | Paleobiology Database | Paleonotological Society | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | Rolling Deck to Repository (R2R) Program | Science | Springer | UNAVCO Citation StandardsData Transparency Analytical & Code TransparencyResearch Material Transparency Design and Analysis TransparencyPreregistration of Studies Preregistration of Analysis PlansReplication Transparency & Openness Promotion Guidelines Three Levels to Lower Barriers to Adoption Level I: Disclosure Level II: Requirement Level III: Verification Download this poster and supporting material: https://osf.io/cezvm Case Study: Resource Identification Initiative RIID is a pilot project to identify & cite antibodies, software, data, & model organisms in the biomedical literature using human- and machine-readable unique and persistent identifiers. Within 2 years of launching, RRIDs have appeared in over 400 papers in 60 journals An analysis of the project is available here: Bandrowski A, Brush M, Grethe JS et al. (doi: 10.12688/f1000research.6555.2) Institute for Environmental Analytics, University of Reading, Reading, UK Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, NY, USA American Geophysical Union, Washington DC, USA Center for Open Science, Virginia, USA fionalm27@gmail.com lehnert@ldeo.columbia.edu BHanson@agu.org david@cos.io Twitter: @EvoMellor https://cos.io/top This was a grassroots initiative which was enabled by funders but driven by a range of stakeholders including editors, researchers, and publishers. Key incentives exist at: funding, publication, and hiring/tenure If these stakeholders recognize and reward transparency, the research community will act accordingly. Community education goals: Many research outputs (e.g. data collection, management, & enrichment, software, etc) contribute to the knowledge cannon. Producers of these outputs should be rewarded accordingly. Include altmetrics in the assessment framework, transparently The goals of reproducibility and interoperability should be woven into research funding calls. Editors need to know how data can be cited Journals can provide incentives by acknowledging open practices with badges in publications. Many data in the Earth sciences are acquired on physical samples such as sediment cores, rock and mineral specimens, or water samples. The IGSN is a persistent unique identifier that ensures unambiguous citation of samples for discovery and access both of the samples themselves and of information about the samples, e.g. where, when, and how they were collected. Use of the IGSN supports reproducibility of sample-based data and advances re- use of the samples, which are often unique and irreplaceable, and expensive to collect (Moon rocks!). See more IGSNs in action: Photo: Nichole Anest, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Technology to enable change Training to enact change Incentives to embrace change Follow us on Twitter @OSFramework Find us at http://cos.io The Center for Open Science The Journal has endorsed the Statement of Commitment of the Coalition on Publishing Data in the Earth and Space Sciences (COPDESS). All data and software necessary to understand, evaluate, replicate, and build upon the reported research must be made available and accessible at the time of publication as far as possible. Data should, to the extent possible, be stored in appropriate domain repositories that are widely recognized and used by the community, follow leading practices for data curation, and can provide additional data services.