2. ENERGY n The ability to do work n remains constant in amount during a chemical or physical change n energy changes occur between the system and the surrounding

3. FORMS OF ENERGY Potential Energy n stored energy n energy available for doing work at some later time. Kinetic energy n energy of motion n energy objects have due to motion

4. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY In any chemical or physical change, energy is neither created nor destroyed, but is converted from one form to another.

5. UNITS OF ENERGY n Joule (J) n calorie (cal) 1 cal = 4.184 J Calorie are used for nutritional energy and their unit is Cal.

6. Calorimeter and Calorimetry

7. TEMPERATURE VERSUS HEAT Temperature n The measurement of the average kinetic energy of a substances. n An intensive physical property Heat n The measurement of the energy transferred between objects due to differences in their temperatures. n Extensive physical property

8. ENERGY CHANGE Exothermic process Energy is released by a system to its surroundings. Endothermic process Energy is absorbed by the system from the surroundings.

9. FORMULA q = m x  x C p q = m x  x C p n the “q” symbolize the heat transferred n unit = n the “m” is the mass n unit = the  T or ( T f - T i ) symbolize the change of temperature. the  T or ( T f - T i ) symbolize the change of temperature. n unit = n the “C p ” symbolize the Specific Heat Capacity. n unit =

10. SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY (Cp) n the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree C Calorimeter n device used to measure changes in heat energy during chemical or physical change

11. Heat formula q = m x T x C p heat loss = heat gain - q = + q

12. - (m x change in T x C p ) = m x change in T x C p - q = + q REPRESENTS THE METAL DATA REPRESENTS THE WATER DATA

13. - (m x change in T x C p ) = m x change in T x C p