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Natasha Borges Sugiyama UWM, Center for Latin American and Carribean Studies & Department of Political SCience PARTICIPATORY PRACTICES: TRENDS, UNKNOWNS,

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Presentation on theme: "Natasha Borges Sugiyama UWM, Center for Latin American and Carribean Studies & Department of Political SCience PARTICIPATORY PRACTICES: TRENDS, UNKNOWNS,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Natasha Borges Sugiyama UWM, Center for Latin American and Carribean Studies & Department of Political SCience PARTICIPATORY PRACTICES: TRENDS, UNKNOWNS, KNOWNS

2  Global diffusion of Participatory Budgeting  International Development Community promotes “participation” TRENDS

3  Pros?  Cons? PROS & CONS OF PARTICIPATORY MODELS

4  Some reasons why participatory models have spread...  Variation in local experiences with participation. KNOWNS

5  Does participation produce sustainability?  Does participation produce well being? UNKNOWNS

6

7  Participatory Budgeting in the U.S. & Canada  http://www.participatorybudgeting.org http://www.participatorybudgeting.org  Participatory Budgeting in the U.K.  http://pbnetwork.org.uk http://pbnetwork.org.uk  International/National Efforts for Fiscal Transparency  http://www.internationalbudget.org http://www.internationalbudget.org  Participation World Bank http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTSOCI ALDEVELOPMENT/EXTPCENG/0,,menuPK:410312~pagePK:1490 18~piPK:149093~theSitePK:410306,00.html RESOURCES

8 Natasha Borges Sugiyama, Brian Wampler, Michael Touchton May 2016 Democracy at Work: Moving Beyond Elections to Improve Well-being in Brazil

9 How Democracy Saves Lives:  The Electoral Connection:  Citizen Demands  Government Responsiveness  Accountability DEMOCRACY AND WELLBEING

10  Participatory institutions;  Expansion of social provisioning;  Local administrative capacity. HOW DOES DEMOCRACY WORK?

11  Participatory Governance May Improve Quality of Life for the Poor  Enhance Governance  Empower Citizens  Improve Democracy PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE

12  Brazil’s Bolsa Família and Family Health Program May Improve Quality of Life for the Poor  Incorporate excluded citizens  Expand access to services  Set a minimum floor for a dignified life NATIONAL SOCIAL PROGRAMS

13  Improving Municipal Administrative Capacity May also Improve Quality of Life for the Poor  Improve Program Implementation, Efficiency, and Oversight  Improve Service Provision  Improve Standards of Living ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY

14 Participatory Governance, National Social Programs, and Administrative Capacity all Contribute to Well-being in Brazil  Municipal Commitments to Policy Councils Reduce Infant Mortality  Broader Bolsa Família and Family Health Plan Coverage Reduce Infant Mortality  Stronger Municipal Management of Bolsa Família Reduces Infant Mortality CENTRAL FINDINGS

15  Brazil: the deepest and broadest experience with Participatory Governance- Simultaneous extension of CCTs, Family Health Program, and economic growth.  Focus on health care, where short-term changes are possible and measurable  Excellent data coverage  Wide variation in institutions, programs, processes and outcomes across all 5,570 municipalities going back to 2000 RESEARCH DESIGN

16  Presence of “Voluntary” Policy Councils Related to Infant Mortality  Presence and Activity of “Induced” Health Councils  Municipal Coverage of Bolsa Família, Family Health Programs  Municipal Management Score for Bolsa Família Program.  Per capita Municipal Healthcare Spending  Left-leaning Party elected to Mayor’s office POTENTIAL EXPLANATORY VARIABLES

17  Negative Binomial Regression with Fixed Effects  Cross-Sectional Time-Series Models  Institutions, Programs, Processes and Outcomes  Technical Appendix Available: please email miketouchton@boisestate.edu miketouchton@boisestate.edu ESTIMATION STRATEGY

18  Voluntary Councils are associated with low Infant Mortality Rates  We estimate 5% lower infant mortality for municipalities  Over a decade, full adoption of the councils has life saving potential. IMPACT OF POLICY COUNCILS ON WELL-BEING

19  Induced Health Councils Have no Impact on Infant Mortality Rates  Neither Does a Commitment to Active Health Councils (number of meetings per year) IMPACT OF POLICY COUNCILS ON WELL-BEING

20  Bolsa Família and Family Health Program Coverage Both Reduce Infant Mortality  Moving from mean coverage levels to one standard deviation above the mean results in an estimated 3% decrease in infant mortality for each program.  This replicates previous studies on the topic (Rasella et al. (2013), Macinko et al. (2006). IMPACT OF NEW SOCIAL PROGRAMS ON WELL-BEING

21 Strong Bolsa Família Management Improves Infant Mortality Moving from one SD below mean-level management to one SD above the mean- level generates an estimated 5% reduction in Infant Mortality This translates to over 10,000 potential lives saved over a decade if all municipalities had strong management. IMPACT OF ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY ON WELL-BEING

22 Bolsa Família Management Interacts with Voluntary Councils to Improve Infant Mortality- at a high rate. INTERACTIVE EFFECTS Municipal Administration Citizen Participation and Oversight Federal Social Programs and Management Incentives Service Delivery to Improve Well- being

23  Local participatory institutions, federal social Programs, and local administrative capacity all influence well-being.  Bottom-up and top-down policies intersect at the municipality, which further conditions relationships with well-being in interactive models.  Democracy works in a variety of ways- the greatest influence on well-being occurs when local participation combines with national, targeted programs to reduce poverty- all in the context of a stronger local state. CONCLUSION

24  Thin vs. Thick Versions of Democracy and Citizenship  Does Democracy Work for the Poor? Has it ever been tried? What would that entail?  Democracy and citizenship support one another, but potentially only in their more robust forms. CONCLUSION

25 Brian Wampler, Natasha Sugiyama, Michael Touchton Democracy at Work: Three Pathways to Improving Well-being in Brazil

26 RESULTS: VOLUNTARY POLICY COUNCILS, NEW SOCIAL PROGRAMS, ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY AND INFANT MORTALITY 2006-2013

27 INDUCED HEALTH COUNCILS, NEW SOCIAL PROGRAMS, ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY AND INFANT MORTALITY 2006-2013

28 ACTIVE HEALTH COUNCILS, NEW SOCIAL PROGRAMS, ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY AND INFANT MORTALITY 2006-2013

29 INTERACTION BETWEEN COUNCILS AND ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY 2006-2013


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