1. Gender analysis of the present situation in Germany, Lithuania and Sweden Marta Hozer-Kocmiel, Sandra Misiak, University of Szczecin Winnet Centre of Excellence Going Abroad Conference 14th of November 2013, Brussels

2. Outline 1.Micro or macro? Gender equality from 2 perspectives 2.How to measure gender equality? 3.‘Two-way street’ - relationship between gender equality and economic growth 4.Gender & time allocation: less paid work, much more unpaid work and less leisure for women, why? 5.Entrepreneurship and innovation – best labour market strategies 6.GEI by EIGE 7.Summary and Conclusions

3. Approaches to gender equality Gender equality: The concept meaning that all human beings are free to develop their personal abilities and make choices without the limitations set by strict gender roles (100 words for equality. EC) Micro & Macro

4. How to measure gender equality? GEI - Gender Equality Index applied by the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE), GGG - Global Gender Gap Index by the World Economic Forum, GII - Gender Inequality Index by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) which replaced GDI Gender Development Index and GEM Gender Empowerment Index.

5. How to measure gender equality? GEI_EIGE27 EU states i) work, ii) money, iii) knowledge, iv) time, v) power and vi) health as well as two satellite domains: vii) intersecting inequalities and viii) violence 2013, next 2015 GGG_ World Economic Forum 135 countries, 90 % of the global population (i) economic activity, pay and professional practice, (ii) literacy and level of education, (iii) health and survival, and (iv) political activity 2006 - 2012 GII_UNDPall countries i) reproductive health, ii) labour market, iii) empowerment. 2000 - 2012

6. Gender Equality Index by UNDP

7. GEI_UNDP and GDP growth rate in BSR countries, 2012

8. ‘Two-way street’ - relationship between gender equality and economic growth: GEI_UNDP and GDP per capita in BSR countries 2012

9. Gender & time allocation: less paid work, much more unpaid work and less leisure for women Time Use Gaps: When the values are higher then 1, it means that women spend more time for the activity then men. When the values are lower than 1, women spend less time for the actvity.

10. 3R rule R ethink the concept of paid and unpaid work, R egister the quantity of paid and unpaid work time, and R eallocate the unpaid work into paid one in the markets.

11. Best labour market strategies Crisis Low employment level Entrepreneurship Prosperity Innovation and new technologies

12. 6 dimensions of gender equality in the Going Abroad countries GEI Lithuania43.6 Germany51.6 Sweden74.3 WorkMoney 61.041.5 72.576.3 78.680.2 Knowledge Time 47.424.1 44.141.6 66.363.9 PowerHealth 32.184.9 28.089.5 74.393.1

13. GEI_EIGE in BSR countries

14. Thank you for your attention! For any further information please contact: Marta Hozer - mhk@wneiz.plmhk@wneiz.pl