1. Analyzing USGS River Data Presenters: Mayra, Olivia, Xio, Symone

2. Analyzing USGS River Data Presenters: Mayra, Olivia, Xio, Symone

3. Mayra: St. Croix River near Danbury, WI Olivia: San Juan River at Shiprock, NM Xio: Sacramento River, near Grimes, California Symone: Wenachee river, Washington River discharge locations

4. St. Croix River Drainage area: 4092 sq. km (1,580 sq. miles). Annual mean precipitation ~31 inches/year. Tributary to the Mississippi River. Hydroelectric plant at St. Croix Falls supplies power to the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Aerial photo of St. Croix River Photo by Mike Demulling http://www.stillwatercurrent.com/check-aerial-view-showing-1-year-st-croix-river-crossing-construction-progress/ Map of St. Croix Watershed

5. Log-transformed River data 38,000days (St. Croix)

6. Log-transformed river discharge date for 1000 years. Highest flood year ~12,500 cfs at ~31,800 days

7. Untransformed Distribution Bell Curve (St.Croix River) Mean 1318 cfs Median 1080 cfs Skew= 2.96 skews toward the right (positive skew)

8. Log transformed Histogram (St.Croix River) Skew is more noticeably toward the right. Median discharge at ~3.1 (1259 cfs). Flood point at ~4.0 is far to the right, therefore not common.

9. How is local climate reflected in the discharge data? Data shows that droughts are not as common as floods occurring ~2.5 years. Data shows that floods occur approx. yearly. Average median discharge is ~1259 cfs.

10. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Croix_River_(Wisconsin–Minnesota) http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri934076/stations/05333500.html

11. San Juan River Mean annual temperature of Shiprock, New Mexico: 53.3° F Mean annual precicitation of Shiprock: 7.68 in Mean daily streamflow: 1600 ft^3/s Long term mean flow: 4190

12. Discharge (Qw) vs. Day Number According to USGS: Discharge: 1360 ft^3/s Gage Height: 8.34 ft Drainage Area: 12900 m^2 Mean1952.051 Std Dev [RMSE]2401.862 Std Error13.91478 SSE1.72e+11 R-Square0.971579 Sum of Squares Error4.885e+9

13. Bivariate Fit of base-10 Qw By Day Number

15. Largest flood datum

16. Discharge distribution

17. Sacramento River

18. -Source near Mount Shasta -Ends in the Suisun Bay on the contra costa - solano county line -Drainage area: ~27000 sq mi -Average Discharge: 10062.03 cu ft/s -Grimes CA recieves 17 in rain per year & 1 in snow -Max: 32600 cu ft/s -Min: 645 cu ft/s

19. NON-TRANSFORMED RIVER DATA : 28353 DAYS Initial flooding estimate was ~ 26000 cu ft/s (Red line above )

20. TRANSFORMED RIVER DATA : 28353 DAYS Initial flooding estimate 26000 cu ft/s ~ 4.4 (red line above)

21. NON-TRANSFORMED DISCHARGE: 1000 DAYS Intervals of ~400 days Seasonal data (red line 26000 cu ft/s flood estimate)

22. LOG TRANSFORMED DISCHARGE: 1000 DAYS Intervals of ~400 days Seasonal data (red line 4.4 flood estimate)

23. UNTRANSFORED 28353 DAY HISTORGRAM -Median :7720 cu ft/s -Mean :10062.034 cu ft/s -Skewness: 1.405

24. LOG TRANSFORMED 28353 DAY HISTOGRAM -Meadian: 3.88 ~ 7586 CFS -Mean: 3.92 ~8317 CFS -Skewness: 0.2 aka slightly skewed to the right.

25. Wenachee River MEAN: 2249 MEDIAN: 1190 STANDARD DEVIATION: 2428 I DECIDED THAT FLOODS OCCUR AT OR ABOVE 7000 CFCS WHICH COMES OUT TO ROUGHLY 19 FLOODS A YEAR

26. Drainage area: 1328 square miles

28. LOG TRANSFOMED, ALL DATA POINTS

30. Log transformed of 1,000 days

32. Comparison Which sites are wetter, drier, etc? Which sites are flashier? Do biggest floods happen where mean anual discharge is greatest?

34. Mayra: St. Croix River near Danbury, WI Olivia: San Juan River at Shiprock, NM Xio: Sacramento River, near Grimes, California Symone: Wenachee river, Washington River discharge locations

35. St. Croix River Drainage area: 4092 sq. km (1,580 sq. miles). Annual mean precipitation ~31 inches/year. Tributary to the Mississippi River. Hydroelectric plant at St. Croix Falls supplies power to the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Aerial photo of St. Croix River Photo by Mike Demulling http://www.stillwatercurrent.com/check-aerial-view-showing-1-year-st-croix-river-crossing-construction-progress/ Map of St. Croix Watershed

36. Log-transformed River data 38,000days (St. Croix)

37. Log-transformed river discharge date for 1000 years. Highest flood year ~12,500 cfs at ~31,800 days

38. Untransformed Distribution Bell Curve (St.Croix River) Mean 1318 cfs Median 1080 cfs Skew= 2.96 skews toward the right (positive skew)

39. Log transformed Histogram (St.Croix River) Skew is more noticeably toward the right. Median discharge at ~3.1 (1259 cfs). Flood point at ~4.0 is far to the right, therefore not common.

40. How is local climate reflected in the discharge data? Data shows that droughts are not as common as floods occurring ~2.5 years. Data shows that floods occur approx. yearly. Average median discharge is ~1259 cfs.

41. References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Croix_River_(Wisconsin–Minnesota) http://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri934076/stations/05333500.html

42. San Juan River Mean annual temperature of Shiprock, New Mexico: 53.3° F Mean annual precicitation of Shiprock: 7.68 in Mean daily streamflow: 1600 ft^3/s Long term mean flow: 4190

43. Discharge (Qw) vs. Day Number According to USGS: Discharge: 1360 ft^3/s Gage Height: 8.34 ft Drainage Area: 12900 m^2 Mean1952.051 Std Dev [RMSE]2401.862 Std Error13.91478 SSE1.72e+11 R-Square0.971579 Sum of Squares Error4.885e+9

44. Bivariate Fit of base-10 Qw By Day Number

46. Largest flood datum

47. Discharge distribution

48. Sacramento River

49. -Source near Mount Shasta -Ends in the Suisun Bay on the contra costa - solano county line -Drainage area: ~27000 sq mi -Average Discharge: 10062.03 cu ft/s -Grimes CA recieves 17 in rain per year & 1 in snow -Max: 32600 cu ft/s -Min: 645 cu ft/s

50. NON-TRANSFORMED RIVER DATA : 28353 DAYS Initial flooding estimate was ~ 26000 cu ft/s (Red line above )

51. TRANSFORMED RIVER DATA : 28353 DAYS Initial flooding estimate 26000 cu ft/s ~ 4.4 (red line above)

52. NON-TRANSFORMED DISCHARGE: 1000 DAYS Intervals of ~400 days Seasonal data (red line 26000 cu ft/s flood estimate)

53. LOG TRANSFORMED DISCHARGE: 1000 DAYS Intervals of ~400 days Seasonal data (red line 4.4 flood estimate)

54. UNTRANSFORED 28353 DAY HISTORGRAM -Median :7720 cu ft/s -Mean :10062.034 cu ft/s -Skewness: 1.405

55. LOG TRANSFORMED 28353 DAY HISTOGRAM -Meadian: 3.88 ~ 7586 CFS -Mean: 3.92 ~8317 CFS -Skewness: 0.2 aka slightly skewed to the right.

56. Wenachee River MEAN: 2249 MEDIAN: 1190 STANDARD DEVIATION: 2428 I DECIDED THAT FLOODS OCCUR AT OR ABOVE 7000 CFCS WHICH COMES OUT TO ROUGHLY 19 FLOODS A YEAR

57. Drainage area: 1328 square miles

59. LOG TRANSFOMED, ALL DATA POINTS

61. Log transformed of 1,000 days

63. Comparison Which sites are wetter, drier, etc? Which sites are flashier? Do biggest floods happen where mean anual discharge is greatest?