1. Immigration.

2. F.D.R. said, “ Remember, remember always that all of us are descendants from immigrants and revolutionists”..

3. ethnic: people of different nationalities Immigrant: people who settle in a new country Emigrant: people who leave a country

4. Map of Immigrants.

5. The PUSH and PULL of Immigration Push: The factors that pushed people out of a country:

6. Population in Europe growing rapidly land overcrowded difficulty in finding work

7. New more efficient farm methods-need less farmers and less farm workers

8. Poor harvests Industrial Revolution-mass production Government mistreatment of its citizens

9. War and Revolutions.

10. Pull Factors Factors that pull people into a country

11. opportunity---jobs and land.

12. freedom chance to succeed on your own merits

13. better life— especially for children

14. Melting Pot Melting Pot-the mixing of different ethnic and racial cultures into a broad multiethnic society that is America. Multiethnic: Peoples of all different ethnicities, races, religions, and nationality. –Many of use are multiethnic. More than one ethnicity or nationality, or even races.

15. Early Immigration: 1600-1830 French French Canada, Louisiana English Atlantic Colonies Spanish Texas, Florida, California Swedes Delaware Dutch New York Germans Penn Scots-Irish --to borderland for free land Africans as slaves

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18. Statue of Liberty.

19. Emma Lazarus Give me your tired, your poor Your huddled masses Yearning to breath free The wretched refuse of your teeming shore Send these, the homeless Tempest-tossed to me I lift my lamp beside the golden door!.

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25. Do we still mean it? Did we ever mean it?.

26. Why did they come: Economic Opportunity--#1 Reason Political Freedom Religious Freedom Political Refugees Slavery Family Reunification

27. Aliens-immigrants who are not yet citizens Sedition-speaking against the government

28. Early Laws against Immigration before 1798 to become a US citizen you had to live in US for five years 1798 Alien and Sedition Acts –a way for the Federalist party to keep out Aliens. –Aliens mostly became Republicans –Act required new immigrants to live in US for 14 years before become naturalized citizens. –25,000 immigrants from France, which the US was having trouble with. The Alien and Sedition Acts would expire, and was unconstitutional –(Sedition)

29. Prejudice: negative opinion not based on facts

30. I. Era of Mass Immigration 1821- 1930.

31. 1820-1880 Why did they come: –cheap, plentiful, land for farming –glowing reports “streets paved with gold” –Land of Opportunity –Jews from Germany and Quakers from Norway came for religious freedom –Italians and Asians came for work –Russians to escape persecution from govern. –Escape starvation

32. First Wave 1820-1880.

33. Irish.

34. Potato famine 1845 disease attack potato crop 1 million starved Famine: severe food shortage

35. Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore between 1845 and 1854 1 ½ to 2 million Irish came to US.

36. Irish—uneducated, unskilled (ex-tenet farmers) very poor. unskilled labor- Railroads and Factories

37. Germans Great influence on America –skilled labor, artisans, farmers, have money –Many educated. –German Jews A. traveling salesman moved to Midwest to farm or built new industries

38. Push Factor Revolutions and conflicts in Germany

39. Scandinavians Farmers –came for cheap land—1.25 an acre –Have money, educated –Minn, Wisconsin like their homeland

40. Anti-Immigrant feelings Prejudice: is unfair opinion formed without facts

41. Nativists: Native born Americans wanted to restrict the influence of foreign born would not hire immigrants feared immigrants would soon outnumber those born here.

42. How did they get here. Ship Steerage--- Cheapest part of the boat. packed like sardines in the bottom of the boat or on the deck.

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44. Rapid Growth in Cities 1800-1830 New York went from 60,489 to 202,589 –not enough housing –sanitation problems –sewer problems

45. New Immigrants (still had the old) Irish Family 1905.

46. East Europeans.

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48. Russians.

49. Russian Jews.

50. Ellis Island.

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56. Angel Island.

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59. Overcrowding in East Coast Cities.

60. Sweatshops.

61. Tenements.

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