1. There is NOT just one future tense in English.
How to express the future then?

2. 1. With the modal WILL. (Future Simple)
There are several ways to express the future. Let’s see two of those ways.
1. With the modal WILL. (Future Simple)
2. With BE GOING TO.

3. FUTURE SIMPLE Your brother WILL become famous soon. Will = ‘ll
AFFIRMATIVE:
Subject + WILL + base form of verb
Your brother WILL become famous soon.
Will = ‘ll
Your brother’ll become famous soon.

4. FUTURE SIMPLE My friend WILL NOT marry that man. WILL + NOT = WON’T
NEGATIVE:
Subject + WILL + NOT + base form of verb
My friend WILL NOT marry that man.
WILL + NOT = WON’T
My friend won’t marry that man.

5. FUTURE SIMPLE WILL IT rain tomorrow ? Short answers Yes, it will.
INTERROGATIVE:
WILL+Subj.+ base form of verb ?
WILL IT rain tomorrow ?
Short answers
Yes, it will.
No, it won’t.

6. Future Simple
We use the modal WILL + the base form of the main verb for:
1. Predictions.
You will get married and have 10 children!
2. Quick decisions.
I’ll have another cup of coffee, please!
I WILL (’ll) call
You WILL (’ll) call
He / She WILL (’ll) call
We WILL (’ll) call
They WILL (’ll) call
3. Promises.
Ok! I’ll call you tomorrow.

7. Infinitive without “to”)
“GOING TO”
AFFIRMATIVE:
I am (I’m)
You are (You’re)
He is (He’s)
She is (She’s)
It is (It’s)
We are (We’re)
They are (They’re)
going to
(base form of verb =
Infinitive without “to”)

8. “GOING TO” (base form of verb = going to Infinitive without “to”)
NEGATIVE:
I am not (I’m not)
You are not (You aren’t)
He is not(He isn’t)
She is not (She isn’t)
It is not (It isn’t)
We are not (We aren’t)
You are not (You aren’t)
They are not (They aren’t)
going to
(base form of verb =
Infinitive without “to”)

9. “GOING TO” Am Is Are I you he /she /it we/you/they going to Base ?
INTERROGATIVE: Am Is
Are I
you
he /she /it
we/you/they
going to
Base ?
Short answers
Yes, + Subject pronoun + am / is / are.
No, + Subject pronoun + isn’t / aren’t.
*(Note: No, I’m not).

10. BE GOING TO We use BE GOING TO + the base form of the main verb for:
1. Plans / Intentions.
I am going to practise hard to become a rock star!
2. Predictions based on clear signs.
Look at those clouds! It is going to rain!
I am going to + V
You are going to + V
He / She is going to + V
We are going to + V
They are going to + V

11. REMEMBER! PREDICTIONS QUICK DECISIONS PROMISES PLANS / INTENTIONS
BASED ON
CLEAR SIGNS
WILL + V
BE GOING TO + V

12. WILL WITH « BE »
When the main verb is BE, we can use the simple future tense even if we have a firm plan or decision before speaking. Examples:
I'll be in London tomorrow.
I'm going shopping. I won't be very long.
Will you be at work tomorrow?

13. IF YOU HAVE FIRM PLANS USE «GOING TO » BUT IF YOU DON’T USE « WILL ».
Questions
IF YOU HAVE FIRM PLANS USE «GOING TO » BUT IF YOU DON’T USE « WILL ».
How are you going to spend your next vacation? Are you going anywhere?
When will the new machine arrive?
What are you going to do next?
Is anyone going to travel with you?
What do you think the party will be like?

14. PRACTISE!
Choose the right way to express the future in the following situations.
SITUATION 1
SITUATION 2
SITUATION 3
You’re thirsty, aren’t you? I (get) you a glass of water.
Oh no! He really (paint) the room that colour?
We (not be) back late.
The film finishes at 10 p.m.
ANSWER
I WILL (’ll) get you
a glass of water.
(QUICK DECISION)
ANSWER
IS he really GOING TO paint
the room that colour?
(INTENTION)
ANSWER
We WILL not (won’t) be back late.
(PROMISE)
The film finishes at 10 p.m.

15. SITUATION 4 SITUATION 5 SITUATION 6
In Scotland it (rain) tomorrow. In the south of England it (be) sunny.
Ketchup or mayonnaise?
I (have) mayonnaise, please.
You’re not well.
I (call) the doctor.
ANSWER
I WILL (’ll) call the doctor.
(QUICK DECISION)
ANSWER
In Scotland it WILL rain
tomorrow. In the south of
England it WILL be sunny.
(PREDICTION)
ANSWER
I WILL (’ll) have mayonnaise,
please.
(QUICK DECISION)

16. Will / Be Going to
1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper? B: I (write)___________ a letter to my friends back home in Texas.
2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up! B: I (get)_________ you a cup of coffee. That will
wake you up.
3. A: I can't hear the television! B: I (turn) __________ it up so you can hear it.
4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) ___________Paris and Nice.
Am going to write
Am going to write
Am going to write
‘ll get
‘ll get
‘ll get
‘ll turn
‘ll turn
are going to visit

17. 6. I think he (be)_________ the next President of the United States.
5. A: It is so hot in here! B: I (turn)________ the air conditioning on.
6. I think he (be)_________ the next President of the United States.
7. I am ___________to work in ten minutes.
8. I guess I ____________stay home tonight.
9. I________be in Texas next week.
‘ll turn
‘ll turn
‘ll turn
‘ll turn
‘ll turn
‘ll turn
will be
will be
will be
will be
will be
will be
going to
going to
going to
going to
will
will
will
will
will