1. Chapter 14 14 Leisure and Geography Minsun Doh C H A P T E R

2. Learning Outcomes Discuss patterns in the spatial distribution and development of leisure places. Understand people’s movement pattern for leisure. Discuss the influence of development of transportation on leisure. Understand various aspects of influences of leisure on places.

3. Introduction All leisure activities occur in places. Historical facts: –Greeks and Romans taking pleasure trips –European wealthy class traveling to spas (16th to 18th centuries) –Grand tour

4. Spatial Movement of People for Leisure: Travel Factors affecting destination choice: –Travel cost –Distance from residence to destination –Traveler’s personality –Available resources at the origin –Characteristics of the destination –Cultural distance –Language (continued)

5. Spatial Movement of People for Leisure: Travel (continued) Flow of tourists from developed regions to developing countries with lower SES: pleasure periphery Distance decay –Popularity of short-term or short-distance leisure orientation –Due to safety concerns, changes in time usage, difficulty in coordinating leisure activities and schedule conflicts among family members, and increased price of fuel –Birth of the term staycation

6. Spatial Distribution of Leisure Places Differences among urban, suburban, and rural areas Located in a circular pattern or belt shapes around the city (ReBAM) –Driven by demand for weekend recreation, suppliers’ development activities associated with land use, and spatial linkages attributed to transportation networks

7. Development of Leisure Spaces Butler’s life cycle model: Exploration Involvement Development Consolidation Stagnation Decline and rejuvenation

8. Leisure Travel and Transportation Development of transportation technology and network increased leisure travel –Cluster or linear development of accommodation facilities along the road –Popularity of suburban areas as leisure destination –RBDs located in the center of an urban area or along the main access road in suburban areas Possibility of uneven development of leisure facilities within a city

9. Positive Impacts of Leisure Investment and growth Increased property values Local area improvement Environmental awareness

10. Negative Impacts of Leisure Changes in traditional land use Alteration to the natural environment Impacts on local life Higher land value

11. Climate Change and Leisure Tourism industry is blamed for causing global warming; at the same time, it’s said to be the one that is most affected by it. Increased fuel consumption leading to greenhouse effect Greenhouse effect: precipitation change, rise in sea level

12. Comprehensive Plans by the Industry Ski areas –Diversification of activities –Development of sustainable programs to reduce environmental impacts: Sustainable Slopes Program, Keep Winter Cool public education campaign Beaches –Blue Flag Program

13. Environmental Sustainability of the Industry Development that is ecologically viable, economically feasible, and socially desirable Sustainable development and management that provide lasting and secure livelihoods that minimize resource depletion, environmental degradation, cultural disruption, and social instability