Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

8 th Grade Science Content Strand 4. Lithosphere- crust + upper mantle; solid, rigid, brittle; broken into plates; sits on top of asthenosphere Asthenosphere-

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "8 th Grade Science Content Strand 4. Lithosphere- crust + upper mantle; solid, rigid, brittle; broken into plates; sits on top of asthenosphere Asthenosphere-"— Presentation transcript:

1 8 th Grade Science Content Strand 4

2 Lithosphere- crust + upper mantle; solid, rigid, brittle; broken into plates; sits on top of asthenosphere Asthenosphere- mantle; plastic, flowing, hot; this is where the convection currents are

3 Oceanic- thinner, more dense, made of basalt rock Continental- thicker, less dense, made of granite rock

4 Faulting- tension forces, pulling apart; normal fault Faulting- compression forces, squeezing together; reverse fault Folding - compression forces, squeezing together

5 Causes plates to move Hot rocks in the mantle rises and sinks

6 Pangaea- supercontinent 200 million years ago Evidence Similar fossils on different continents Continents fit together like a puzzle Warm weather fossils in cold places like Spitzbergen

7

8 Convergent - come together Oceanic-continental: oceanic sinks, subduction, volcanoes Oceanic-oceanic: trench, subduction, island arc Continental-continental: mountains

9 Divergent- move apart Oceanic-oceanic- seafloor spreading, mid- ocean ridge Continental-continental- rift valley, volcanoes Transform- slide past each other Earthquakes, San Andreas Fault

10

11 Primary (P) waves- faster Secondary (S) waves- slower Surface waves- cause most damage Waves move faster through solids (more dense) than liquids.

12 Cold front- thunderstorms then cool, dry air Warm front- light rain then warm, humid air High pressure- clear, sunny (happy weather) Low pressure- cloudy, rainy (lousy weather) Isobars- lines that connect areas of equal air pressure

13

14

15 Trade winds (easterlies)- blow from east to west near the equator; steer hurricanes when they first form Prevailing westerlies- blow from west to east across the US Jet streams - blow from west to east high across the US

16 Lower air pressure= faster winds Trade winds- move hurricanes to west Westerlies- blow them back to the east Warm water- strengthens hurricanes Cold water/land - weakens hurricanes CANNOT predict path of hurricane with 100% accuracy!

17

18 Causes: Too much CO 2 in atmosphere Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) Deforestation (cutting down trees) Ways to Reduce: Recycle Walk or ride bicycle Energy efficient appliances Fluorescent bulbs Use renewable energy

19 Renewable- solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass Nonrenewable- fossil fuels (oil, coal, natural gas), metals, nuclear (uranium)

20 Caused by tilt of the Earth During winter, tilted AWAY from sun; shorter daylight hours Spring equinox - equal day and night hours; tilted neither toward nor away from sun During summer, tilted TOWARD sun; longer daylight hours Fall equinox - equal day and night hours; tilted neither toward nor away from sun.

21 Tropical- near equator, warm year round, most direct sunlight Temperate- middle latitudes, warm summers, cool winters Polar- summer temperatures much higher than winter

22 Age: 13.7 billion years Largest to smallest - universe, galactic cluster, galaxy, solar system, Earth Milky Way- spiral galaxy, Sun is located in a spiral arm Red shift (long wavelength) shows universe is expanding.

23 Hotter stars give off higher energy radiation. Short wavelength=high energy Bluish-white stars give off ultraviolet.

24 Use of plants to make medicines, improve crops Using renewable resources instead of nonrenewable Found in nature, so they decompose naturally


Download ppt "8 th Grade Science Content Strand 4. Lithosphere- crust + upper mantle; solid, rigid, brittle; broken into plates; sits on top of asthenosphere Asthenosphere-"

Similar presentations


Ads by Google