1. Objectives: To use speed, distance & time calculations to plan a rescue operation To perform calculations to minimise risk and casualties Speed, distance & time lesson SaRSaRsdt.lgfl.net.lgfl.net

2. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Job Requirements Maths required: Speed, distance & time Multiplication Division Interpreting Data Converting units Equipment required: Protractor Ruler Pencil Pen Rubber Calculator

3. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Videos Why are traditional paper charts still used in SaR? Part 2Why are traditional paper charts still used in SaR? Part 2 How do Coastguard operators get the information they need during a rescue?How do Coastguard operators get the information they need during a rescue? What technology is used to help spot casualties? Can you give an example of the Maths involved in your decisions?Can you give an example of the Maths involved in your decisions?

4. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Sikorsky S-92 Bristow's S-92 SAR aircraft are the first in Europe to be certified for night-vision goggles (NVG) and have the first certified NVG- compatible “glass cockpit”. Air speed: 145 knots (165 mph) Range: 250 nautical miles Normal flight crew: 4 Capacity: 21 persons as required – 3 stretchers, 10 seated persons, additional standing persons Endurance: over 4 hours Twin hoist

5. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Atlantic 85 B-Class Crew: 4 Max Speed: 35 knots (40 mph) Fuel Capacity: 210 litres Range/Endurance: 2.5 hrs Engines: 2 x Yamaha 115hp Survivor Capacity: 20 Length: 8.44m Beam/Width: 2.85m

6. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Rescuing survivors Sometimes the Coastguard is called out to rescue large vessels with lots of people on board. This adds a lot of difficulty to the Coastguard's job as they have to co-ordinate a multi-vessel rescue with lots of journeys. The next scenarios will require you to apply knowledge of speed, distance and time to solve challenging real world rescue problems.

7. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Example rescue – scenario 1 A passenger ferry has put in a distress call and given its location as shown on the map. The nearest available lifeboat stations and helicopter pads are shown on the map. There are 440 people on board that need rescuing. Plan a rescue operation to get everyone back to shore in the quickest possible time.

8. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Calculating distances and time You know that the helicopter has a max speed of 165mph, and the boats 40mph. You can find the time taken to travel to / from the rescue site: e.g. Boat A: 9/40 = 0.225 hours = 13.5 minutes It takes on average 1 minute per survivor to rescue from a boat. Refuelling takes 5 minutes.

9. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Creating a rescue plan Coastguards need to work out the following when creating their plans: Time taken to get to site for boats/helicopters Time taken to rescue people from the vessel The range/endurance of the helicopters/boats (will they need to refuel?) Is anyone overboard? If so, they need to act quickly to help them to prevent hypothermia.

10. Search and Rescue – sar.lgfl.net© 2016 London Grid for Learningsar.lgfl.net Hypothermia Water temperature ( o C) Expected time before exhaustion/unconsciousne ss Expected time of survival < 0.3°< 15 minutes45 minutes 0.3–4.4°15 – 30 minutes30 – 90 minutes 4.4–10°30 – 60 minutes1 – 3 hours 10–15.6°1 – 2 hours1 – 6 hours 15.6–21.1°2 – 7 hours2 – 40 hours 21.1–26.7°3 – 12 hours 3 hours – indefinite > 26.7°Indefinite