1. Dance Music, Brass Bands, and Tin Pan Alley

2.  Social functions of dancing  Popular European styles  Contradance (or country dance tradition)  the grand ball

3.  Brass bands  Military bands: ◦ trumpets ◦ trombones ◦ tubas John Phillip Sousa and the Marine Corps band (1893)

4.  America’s “March King”  The most popular bandleader of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries

5.  touring bands  Italian concert bands  shaped musical taste  contributed to popular music ◦ e.g., ragtime ◦ e.g., jazz

6.  publishing businesses centered in NYC  Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe ◦ lower Manhattan ◦ “pluggers” promoted songs ◦ 28 th Street was Tin Pan Alley  sheet music 25 – 60 cents

7. Tin Pan Alley Biggest Hits  "After the Ball" (Charles K. Harris, 1892)Charles K. Harris  "The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo" (Charles Coborn, 1892)Charles Coborn  "The Sidewalks of New York" (Lawlor & Blake, 1894)  "The Band Played On" (Charles B. Ward & John F. Palmer, 1895)  "Mister Johnson, Turn Me Loose" (Ben Harney, 1896)Ben Harney  "A Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight" (Joe Hayden & T. Mertz, 1896)A Hot Time in the Old Town  "Warmest Baby in the Bunch" (George M. Cohan, 1896)George M. Cohan  "At a Georgia Campmeeting" (Kerry Mills, 1897)Kerry Mills  "Hearts & Flowers" (Theodore Moses Tobani, 1899)  "Hello! Ma Baby (Hello Ma Ragtime Gal)" (Emerson, Howard, & Sterling, 1899)Hello! Ma Baby

8.  descended from: ◦ music hall shows ◦ minstrelsy  popularized Tin Pan Alley songs  a series of performances: ◦ no overarching narrative

9.  “The Letter That Never Came” (1885)  “On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away” (1899)

10.  “Daddy of Popular Song”  “A Bird in a Gilded Cage” (1900)  “I Want a Girl (Just Like the Girl That Married Dear Old Dad)” (1911)

11.  ex-minstrel  “plantation” songs  ~700 songs: ◦ “Carry Me Back to Old Virginny” (1878) ◦ “Oh, Dem Golden Slippers” (1879)

12.  “After the Ball” (1892) ◦ first mega-hit pop song ◦ sold over 5 million copies! ◦ interpolated into Show Boat!