1. MANY HISTORICAL FACTORS PLAYED A ROLE IN SHAPING CURRICULUM AS WE KNOW IT TODAY. CURRICULUM IS A FUNCTION OF PLACE AND TIME. (ORNSTEIN & LEVINE, 1989) Historical Perspective on Curriculum

2. 1650-1750 Females generally not educated Agrarian Society Rich-Poor dichotomy Classical Curriculum – Three Rs Strict discipline Rote Learning Mental Discipline

3. 1750-1850 Industrial revolution Rise of the Middle Class Increased Urbanization Instruction for Girls English, Natural History, modern languages added to classical curriculum Recitation Strict Discipline Mental Discipline Some Practical Application

4. 1850-1950 High Schools Scientific management (Bobbitt) Child-Centered Curriculum Life Adjustment Progressive Education

5. 1950-2000 Tyler Rationale (1949) Career Education Open-Space Education Sputnik (1957) Civil Rights Individualization and Groupings for Instruction Multicultural Education Cooperative Learning Use of Community Resources Brain Research Learning is an Active Process

6. 2000-Present Increased Rigor and Relevance Technology Supporting Instruction Globalization National Standards Higher Order Thinking Skills

7. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CURRICULUM FIELD OVER TIME HAS BEEN BASED ON A VARIETY OF APPROACHES THAT HAS MELTED TOGETHER TO MEET STUDENT NEEDS AND SOCIETY NORMS.