1. S3.1 session day 3 3 training delivered by Oxfam GB, RedR India and Humanitarian Benchmark; 23-27 January 2012, Yangon, Myanmar approved by the Advisory Group members Supply chain management Image 8.19x5.1cm H-22.16V-9.86 Camera Image 0.45x0.6cm H-22.29V-10 Image Location Date Arial 11 Bold Right Justified 0.7x5.1cm H-22.16V-9.86 Learning objectives By the end of this session, you will have an understanding of

2. Developing a session plan Text Dimension 24 Arial Position: Horizontal 5.44 Vertical 2.40 Text Dimension: 20 Arial By the end of this session, you will have an understanding of Objective 1 Logistics Objective 2 Stockpiles and preparedness Objective 3 Supply Chain Management (SCM) Learning objectives

3. Developing a session plan What is humanitarian logistics? Logistics is a SUPPORT service and in some instances a programme Logistics is KEY to any humanitarian programme Logistics needs to be INVOLVED from the beginning. Humanitarian Logistics deals with Goods, Manufacturing Capacity and People

4. Developing a session plan Is Logistics? Something similar to what is needed Somewhere near where it is needed Whenever it gets there That will last awhile Near to the amount needed At the CHEAPEST price

5. Developing a session plan Logistics Definition Logistics is the process of planning, implementing, co- ordinating, and controlling the flow and storage of goods, services, and related information so as to deliver: All the RIGHT commodities Of the RIGHT quality To the RIGHT place At the RIGHT time In the RIGHT quantity At the RIGHT price Brainstorm & Write down the definition…

6. Developing a session plan “The ability to deliver the right supplies to the right place at the right time and in the right quantities is a prerequisite for an effective emergency operation.” UNHCR Handbook for emergencies, third edition, Feb.2007

7. Developing a session plan Pre-conflict or pre-disaster: Existing capacity to meet local needs Local supply meets local demand Infrastructure can cope with usage instant needs pre-disaster local capacity recovery needs

8. Developing a session plan Disaster: Rapid increase of demand: water, medication, blankets, shelter Reduced ability to cope due to damage to livelihoods, infrastructure and production Local capacity unable to cope with new higher demand Humanitarian organisations can offer assistance from stockpiles instant needs pre-disaster local capacity recovery needs

9. Developing a session plan Recovery: Increased resource demand for recovery needs Temporarily support of local capacity, e.g. regional, national or international capacity Large demand/capacity will slowly decrease as recovery continues instant needs pre-disaster local capacity recovery needs

10. Developing a session plan In planning logistics it is important to assess the capacity and access for moving materials including: Damage to access routes Reductions in transport capacity Security during transportation Barriers to transportation, such as border crossings and hazardous areas Assessment of markets

11. Developing a session plan Considerations More cost effective vs Imports Timeliness Flexibility in pipeline management Acceptability to beneficiaries Promotion of local markets/trading/transport Donors approval

12. Developing a session plan Local production capacity In making an assessment of available resources it is important to evaluate the impact of the disaster on local production Stockpiling and Preparedness Available workforce Resouce ownership Resource ownership Harvesting and distribution Local production

13. Developing a session plan Resources can be sourced locally, nationally or from stockpiles Assess the resources available, and how they will change over time according to demand Developing a successful strategy requires close cooperation between logistics, programme and technical staff Coordinate with government and other actors on the availability of resources Resources local production regional production national production

14. Developing a session plan Natural Resource Management (NRM) Purpose: ensure that local resources are sustainably harvested, distributed and used A natural resource management plan must involve all stakeholders in order to: Provide both local and affected populations with resources key to their survival Prevent conflicts resulting form competition over access to resources Strengthen or establish a NRM coordination committee Develop policies on access and rights to natural resources

15. Developing a session plan Humanitarian Logistic system Assessment Procurement Inventory Internal systems Reconciliation Delivery Warehousing Identification of distribution points or methods Distribution Inventory, monitoring, reporting Coordination Discuss and identify sub sectors/activities of logistics

16. Developing a session plan Procurement Ethics Staff must maintain an unimpeachable standard of integrity in all business relationships. The confidentiality of information received in the course of duty must be respected and never used for personal gain; and never designed to mislead. Any arrangements which might, in the long term, prevent the effective operation of fair competition should be avoided. Gifts from suppliers, other than items of very small intrinsic value, must not be accepted.

17. Developing a session plan Distribution factors Fairness –Objective assessment, monitoring Accountability to beneficiaries –Takes into account all aspects of population differences and divisions Accountability to donors –Reporting and analysis

18. Developing a session plan Distribution factors Transparency –Information on entitlements, method, timings are widely disseminated with enough notice in public Respect –Recognizes vulnerability and designed to preserve dignity and self respect Gender sensitivity –Women recognized for their role in household management and dist. Planned to avoid putting them at risk

19. Developing a session plan The logistics chain Suppliers Transport Local Warehouse Central Warehouse Transport Relief plan of distribution Distribution to beneficiaries Relief

20. Developing a session plan –Stockpiling allows a rapid response to a major emergency –A wide range of organisations hold stockpiles Non-food items which are commonly stockpiled include: Tents Plastic sheeting Blankets Tools Water containers Mosquito nets Stockpiling and preparedness

21. Developing a session plan Stockpiling and preparedness Stockpiles must be Protected from bad handling, improper stacking, climatic effects Accessible in all weather seasons Organised so they can be handled and distributed in a minimum number of times Protected from theft and pests Drawbacks Items may not be used for several years Risk of items spoiling, becoming obsolete or simply disappearing Airfreight costs can easily be the same order of magnitude as the purchase cost of the items Stockpiled items rarely match the exact needs on the ground; element of wastage

22. Developing a session plan The distribution chain: The number of stages in the distribution chain should be kept to a minimum to reduce the amount of double handling and loss in transit International Regional National Local Satellite Distribution point Families Source Supplier

23. Developing a session plan Logistics preparedness Global Network Professional Human Resources Standards / Systems Stocks Field Set upMobilisation On-going operations Plan of action Logistics mapping Logistics response Example of humanitarian agency logistics framework

24. Developing a session plan Funding: including emergency contingency funds, public appeals, government funds and bi-lateral donations to agencies Capacity: including workforce, local production, local natural materials (timber, earth, water, etc.) and machinery Materials and supplies: non-food items (NFIs) including construction materials and items to support individual survival such as blankets, cooking and washing items Storage and transport: suitable for the local climate and terrain Main resources required in humanitarian response are: Supply Chain Management (SCM)

25. Developing a session plan Requires developing a successful strategy in close cooperation between logistics, programme and technical staff Coordinates with government and other actors on the availability of resources and access to ensure effective and efficient programme results Effective SCM

26. Developing a session plan Text Dimension 24 Arial Position: Horizontal 5.44 Vertical 2.40 Text Dimension: 20 Arial Group discussion Write down key points Discussion in groups Group exercise Map in groups the paths from source to end use in any one programme you have been involved in Which systems do you have to put in place?

27. Developing a session plan Text Dimension 24 Arial Position: Horizontal 5.44 Vertical 2.40 Text Dimension: 20 Arial Group discussion Write down key points Discussion in groups Task needs and assessment Rapidity Flexibility Security Coordination Comprehensive planning Cost-effectiveness Good communication The use of local resources where possible Consider your own supply map, how well do they address these issues?

28. Developing a session plan Text Dimension 24 Arial Position: Horizontal 5.44 Vertical 2.40 Text Dimension: 20 Arial Any questions Share your experiences Do you have any comments or experiences you would like to share? Do you have any questions? Any questions?

29. Developing a session plan 29 Objective of an Humanitarian logistics system “Logistics is not a fine art, it has to be an exact science”.

30. Developing a session plan Text Dimension 24 Arial Position: Horizontal 5.44 Vertical 2.40 Text Dimension: 20 Arial Title BOLD Publisher: Regular S3.1 session day training delivered by lead partners Habitat for Humanity, RedR and Shelter Centre on 2 nd to 9 th July 2011 in Thailand approved by the Advisory Group members Further reading WASH 4 3 UNHCR Handbook for emergencies Third edition, 2007 Transitional Settlement: Displaced Populations Corsellis and Vitale, 2005 Selecting NFIs for Shelter IASC Emergency Cluster, 2008 http://log.logcluster.org