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1 Facelets Çağatay Çivici Apache MyFaces Team Member cagatay@apache.org Slightly modified by Sang Shin sang.shin@sun.com
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2 Agenda Issues of using JSP with JSF Facelets Jsfc and inline texts Templating Composition Components EL Functions JSTL Support Custom Logic Tags
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3 Issues of Using JSP with JSF
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4 JSF and JSP JSP is the default view technology in JSF JSP tags refer to JSF components h:commandButton = HtmlCommandButton Mixing them brings overhead because of two different lifecycles
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5 JSF and JSP (Advantages) JSP is well adopted, reduces learning curve of JSF Above is the only advantage
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6 JSF and JSP (Disadvantages) JSP is created to generate dynamic output not to create component trees Two different lifecycles (overhead) Content Interweaving Issues
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7 JSF and JSP JSF 1.1 - Initial request (e.g. index.jsf) 1. FacesServlet gets the request and JSF lifecycle begins 2. restoreState returns null and a new view is created (createView) with view id = index.jsp (jsp is the default suffix) 3. lifecycle jumps to renderResponse 4. renderView is called that dispatches index.jsp to the container 5. Container traverses all the tags, tags call component’s encode methods during component tree is created 6. State is saved via writeState and buffered output is rendered to the client. JSF 1.2 - a servletwrapper is used instead of f:view to buffer the content and component tree is created before rendering
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8 What is & Why Facelets?
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9 Why Facelets? Provides an alternative view technology for building JSF applications Solves JSP/JSF mismatch problem Facelets' View handler is specifically designed for JSF JSP does not have to be used Uses XHTML instead Does not require Web container
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10 Why Facelets? Provides powerful templating system Allows you to define JSF views using HTML-style templates Reduces the amount of code necessary to integrate components into the view Web application framework independent Works with Struts, JSF, Spring MVC, Portlet, etc.
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11 Why Facelets? Provides simpler tag development Does not require complex JSP tag development - No tld files and no tag classes to define a UIComponent
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12 Why Facelets? Designer and developer friendly Designers can use HTML designer tools such as Dreamweaver JSF tags such as or will not work well with HTML designer
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13 Why Facelets? Faster than using JSP&JSF No need to translate JSP pages into Servlet, which are then need to be compiled Instead Facelets XML files are parsed, which are faster
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14 How to Use Facelets?
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15 Migrating from JSP to Facelets
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16 Installation Add jsf-facelets.jar to the classpath Add viewhandler config to faces-config.xml Change javax.faces.DEFAULT_SUFFIX to.xhtml
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17 Aliasing Components though jsfc
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18 Why jsfc? Everyone wants to be more designer friendly, and Tapestry seems to be the only choice developers are pursuing. On the other hand, JSF is the standard everyone would like to have happen, but JSF needs a more "pluggable" ViewHandler framework that is both designer and developer friendly.
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19 jsfc Similar to jwcid concept in Tapestry Lets designers use plain old HTML tags Faceslets compiler convert HTML elements to their associated JSF component Example – JSP approach Example – Facelets approach Provides integration with HTML editors
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20 Example <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" xmlns:c="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core"> Hello Hi. My name is Duke. I'm thinking of a number from #{UserNumberBean.minimum} to #{UserNumberBean.maximum}. Can you guess it? <input type="text" jsfc="h:inputText" id="userNo" value="#{UserNumberBean.userNumber}" validator="#{UserNumberBean.validate}"/> <input type="submit" jsfc="h:commandButton" id="submit" action="success" value="Submit" />
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21 Example #{view.viewId} #{v.index}
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22 Inline Texts Inline Text: Display texts without a UIComponent #{IndexPageBean.welcomeMessage}
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23 Templating
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24 Facelets Templating Provides powerful templating system that enables you to define JSF views using HTML-style templates Reduces the amount of code necessary to integrate components into the view Enhances reusability Doesn't require a web container
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25 Templating A template is an xhtml with placeholders Placeholders are marked with ui:insert Fragment from template.xhtml Default Title In order to use the template ui:composition is needed. Fragment from index.xhtml Welcome to index page
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26 Composition
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27 Facelets Composition Allows reuse of contents in the web pages Example Maybe there's a series of form controls or a complex menu that you would rather separate out into a different document that can be reused or managed separately without cluttering up your page layout
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28 Composition Components Composition component is basically a template userInfo.xhtml Logged as : #{user} myfacelets.taglib.xml userInfo tags/userInfo.xhtml Use as;
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29 *.taglib.xml
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30 *.taglib.xml Concept similar to tld but lightweight Used to define composition components components converters validators functions custom logic tags etc.
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31 EL Functions
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32 EL Functions MyFunctions.java public static String length(String name) { if( name == null ) return null; else return String.valueOf( name.length() ); } myfacelets.taglib.xml length faceletsbox.utils.CustomerUtils java.lang.String length(java.lang.String) Use as; #{ds:length(MyBean.userName)}
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33 Support for Unified EL Facelets support the Unified EL #{BeanName.field} same as; ${BeanName.field}
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34 JSTL Support
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35 JSTL Support With JSP, mixing JSF and JSTL could be problematic Facelets brings limited but faultless support
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36 Custom Logic Tags
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37 Custom logic tags JSTL like logic tags by extending Facelets TagHandler myfacelets.taglib.xml if mycompany.myproject.utils.IfHandler Use as; Welcome
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38 List of built-in Facelets tags
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39 Using 3rd-party Components in JSF + Facelets
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40 Summary
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41 Summary Facelets saves JSF from the burden of JSP Great for templating and composition components plus bonuses like el functions IDE support is coming Exadel support facelets NetBeans Facelets plug-in
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42 The End – Questions? cagatay@apache.org www.jroller.com/page/cagataycivici
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