1. English Department1 **************** GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES ******************

2. English Department2 GERUNDS: INTRODUCTION

3. English Department3 Playing tennis is fun.

4. English Department4 We enjoy playing tennis.

5. English Department5 He’s excited about playing tennis.

6. English Department6 Walking is good exercise. – walking = a gerund, used as the subject of the sentence.

7. English Department7 I heard some surprising news. – surprising = a present participle, used as an adjective.

8. English Department8 USING GERUNDS AS THE OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS

9. English Department9 We talked about going to Canada for our vacation.

10. English Department10 Sue is in charge of organizing the meeting.

11. English Department11 I’m interested in learning more about your work.

12. English Department12 I’m used to sleeping with the window open.

13. English Department13 I look forward to going home next month.

14. English Department14 They object to changing their plans at this late date.

15. English Department15 We talked about not going to the meeting, but finally decided we should go.

16. English Department16 I’m accustomed to sleep with the windows open. (Possible in British English.)

17. English Department17 COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS

18. English Department18 I enjoy playing tennis.

19. English Department19 Joe quit smoking.

20. English Department20 Joe gave up smoking.

21. English Department21 VERB + GERUND:

22. English Department22 When the professor entered the room, the students stopped talking. The room became quiet.

23. English Department23 While I was walking down the street, I ran into an old friend. I stopped to talk to him. (I stopped walking in order to talk to him.)

24. English Department24 GO + GERUND

25. English Department25 Did you go shopping?

26. English Department26 We went fishing yesterday.

27. English Department27 GO + GERUND:

28. English Department28 go bird watching go boating go bowling go camping go canoeing go dancing

29. English Department29 go fishing go hunting go jogging go climbing go running go sailing

30. English Department30 go shopping go sightseeing go skating go skiing go swimming go shopping

31. English Department31 COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

32. English Department32 I hope to see you again soon.

33. English Department33 He promised to be here by ten.

34. English Department34 He promised not to be late.

35. English Department35 Mr. Lee told me to be here at ten o’clock.

36. English Department36 The driver was ordered to stop.

37. English Department37 I expect Mary to pass the test.

38. English Department38 I intend to go to the meeting.

39. English Department39 I intend going to the meeting.

40. English Department40 He advised buying a Fiat.

41. English Department41 He advised me to buy a Fiat. I was advised to buy a Fiat.

42. English Department42 COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY EITHER INFINITIVES OR GERUNDS

43. English Department43 VERB + INFINITIVE OR GERUND (WITH NO DIFFERENCE IN MEANING):

44. English Department44 It began to rain. It began raining.

45. English Department45 I started to work. I started working.

46. English Department46 It was beginning to rain.

47. English Department47 VERB + INFINITIVE OR GERUND (WITH A DIFFERENCE IN MEANING):

48. English Department48 Judy always remembers to lock the door.

49. English Department49 Sam often forgets to lock the door.

50. English Department50 I remember seeing the Alps for the first time. The sight was impressive.

51. English Department51 I’ll never forget seeing the Alps for the first time.

52. English Department52 I regret to tell you that you failed the test.

53. English Department53 I regret lending him some money. He never paid me back.

54. English Department54 I’m trying to learn English.

55. English Department55 The room was hot. I tried opening the window, but that didn’t help.

56. English Department56 So I tried turning on the fan, but I was still hot. Finally, I turned on the air conditioner.

57. English Department57 I prefer staying home to going to the concert.

58. English Department58 I prefer to stay home than (to) go to the concert.

59. English Department59 I’ll never forget …(gerund)

60. English Department60 I can’t forget …(gerund)

61. English Department61 Have you ever forgotten …(gerund)

62. English Department62 Can you ever forget …(gerund)

63. English Department63 REFERENCE LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS

64. English Department64 admit He admitted stealing the money

65. English Department65 advise. She advised waiting until tomorrow

66. English Department66 anticipate I anticipate having a good time on vacation.

67. English Department67 appreciate I appreciated hearing from them.

68. English Department68 avoid He avoided answering my question.

69. English Department69 complete I finally completed writing my term paper.

70. English Department70 consider I will consider going with you.

71. English Department71 delay He delayed leaving for school.

72. English Department72 deny She denied committing the crime.

73. English Department73 discuss They discussed opening a new business.

74. English Department74 dislike I dislike driving long distances

75. English Department75 enjoy We enjoyed visiting them.

76. English Department76 finish She finished studying about ten.

77. English Department77 forget. I'll never forget visiting Napoleon's tomb

78. English Department78 can't help I can't help worrying about it.

79. English Department79 keep I keep hoping he will come.

80. English Department80 mention She mentioned going to a movie.

81. English Department81 mind Would you mind helping me with this

82. English Department82 miss I miss being with my family

83. English Department83 postpone Let's postpone leaving until tomorrow.

84. English Department84 practice The athlete practiced throwing the ball.

85. English Department85 quit He quit trying to solve the problem.

86. English Department86 recall I don't recall meeting him before.

87. English Department87 recollect I don't recollect meeting him before

88. English Department88 recommend She recommended seeing the show.

89. English Department89 regret I regret telling him my secret.

90. English Department90 remember I can’t remember meeting him when I was a child.

91. English Department91 resent I resent her interfering in my business.

92. English Department92 resist I couldn't resist eating the dessert

93. English Department93 risk She risks losing all of her money.

94. English Department94 stop She stopped going to classes when she got sick.

95. English Department95 suggest She suggested going to a movie.

96. English Department96 tolerate She won't tolerate cheating during an examination.

97. English Department97 understand I don't understand his leaving school.

98. English Department98 REFERENCE LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

99. English Department99 A. VERBS FOLLOWED IMMEDIATELY BY AN INFINITIVE

100. English Department100 afford I can't afford to buy it.

101. English Department101 agree They agreed to help us.

102. English Department102 appear She appears to be tired.

103. English Department103 arrange I'll arrange to meet you at the airport.

104. English Department104 ask He asked to come with us

105. English Department105 beg He begged to come with us.

106. English Department106 care I don't care to see that show.

107. English Department107 claim She claims to know a famous movie star.

108. English Department108 consent She finally consented to marry him.

109. English Department109 decide I have decided to leave on Monday.

110. English Department110 demand I demand to know who is responsible.

111. English Department111 deserve She deserves to win the prize.

112. English Department112 expect I expect to enter graduate school in the fall.

113. English Department113 fail She failed to return the book to the library on time.

114. English Department114 forget I forgot to mail the letter.

115. English Department115 hesitate Don't hesitate to ask for my help.

116. English Department116 hope Jack hopes to arrive next week.

117. English Department117 learn He learned to play the piano.

118. English Department118 manage She managed to finish her work early.

119. English Department119 mean I didn't mean to hurt your feelings.

120. English Department120 need I need to have your opinion.

121. English Department121 offer They offered to help us.

122. English Department122 plan I am planning to have a party.

123. English Department123 prepare We prepared to welcome them.

124. English Department124 pretend He pretends not to understand.

125. English Department125 promise I promise not to be late.

126. English Department126 refuse I refuse to believe his story.

127. English Department127 regret I regret to tell you that you failed.

128. English Department128 remember I remembered to lock the door.

129. English Department129 seem That cat seems to be friendly.

130. English Department130 struggle I struggled to stay awake.

131. English Department131 swear She swore to tell the truth.

132. English Department132 threaten She threatened to tell my parents.

133. English Department133 volunteer He volunteered to help us.

134. English Department134 wait I will wait to hear from you.

135. English Department135 want I want to tell you something.

136. English Department136 wish She wishes to come with us.

137. English Department137 B. VERBS FOLLOWED BY A (PRO)NOUN + AN INFINITIVE

138. English Department138 advise She advised me to wait until tomorrow.

139. English Department139 allow She allowed me to use her car.

140. English Department140 ask I asked John to help us.

141. English Department141 beg They begged us to come.

142. English Department142 cause Her laziness caused her to fail.

143. English Department143 challenge She challenged me to race her to the corner.

144. English Department144 convince I couldn't convince him to accept our help.

145. English Department145 dare He dared me to do better than he had done.

146. English Department146 encourage He encouraged me to try again.

147. English Department147 expect I expect you to be on time.

148. English Department148 forbid I forbid you to tell him.

149. English Department149 force They forced him to tell the truth.

150. English Department150 hire She hired a boy to mow the lawn.

151. English Department151 instruct He instructed them to be careful.

152. English Department152 invite Harry invited the Johnsons to come to his party.

153. English Department153 need We needed Chris to help us figure out the solution.

154. English Department154 order The judge ordered me to pay a fine.

155. English Department155 permit He permitted the children to stay up late.

156. English Department156 persuade I persuaded him to come for a visit.

157. English Department157 remind She reminded me to lock the door.

158. English Department158 require Our teacher requires us to be on time.

159. English Department159 teach My brother taught me to swim.

160. English Department160 tell The doctor told me to take these pills.

161. English Department161 urge I urged her to apply for the job.

162. English Department162 want I want you to be happy.

163. English Department163 warn I warned you not to drive too fast.

164. English Department164 USING GERUNDS AS SUBJECTS; USING IT + INFINITIVE

165. English Department165 Riding with a drunk driver is dangerous.

166. English Department166 To ride with a drunk driver is dangerous.

167. English Department167 It is dangerous to ride with a drunk driver.

168. English Department168 Tom was drunk. It was dangerous riding with him. = We were in danger while we were riding with him.

169. English Department169 INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE: IN ORDER TO

170. English Department170 He came here in order to study English.

171. English Department171 He came here to study English.

172. English Department172 I went to the store for some bread.

173. English Department173 I went to the store to buy some bread.

174. English Department174 Typical or general purpose:

175. English Department175 A saw is used for cutting wood. A saw is used to cut wood.

176. English Department176 Particular situation:

177. English Department177 A chain saw was used to cut down the old oak tree. A chain saw was used for cutting down the old oak tree.

178. English Department178 ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

179. English Department179 We were sorry to hear the bad news.

180. English Department180 I was surprised to see Tim at the meeting.

181. English Department181 USING INFINITIVES WITH TOO AND ENOUGH

182. English Department182 That box is too heavy for Bob to lift. That box is very heavy, but Bob can lift it.

183. English Department183 I am strong enough to lift that box. I can lift it. I have enough strength to lift that box.

184. English Department184 USING A POSSESSIVE TO MODIFY A GERUND

185. English Department185 We came to class late. Mr. Lee complained about that fact.

186. English Department186 Formal: Mr. Lee complained about our coming to class late.

187. English Department187 Mr. Lee complained about our having come to class late. (a past gerund is also possible)

188. English Department188 Informal: Mr. Lee complained about us coming to class late.

189. English Department189 Formal: Mr. Lee complained about Mary’s coming to class late.

190. English Department190 Informal: Mr. Lee complained about Mary coming to class late.

191. English Department191 USING THE SIMPLE FORM AFTER LET AND HELP

192. English Department192 My father let me drive his car.

193. English Department193 I let my friend borrow my bicycle.

194. English Department194 My brother helped me wash my car.

195. English Department195 My brother helped me to wash my car.