1. Ch 7 Cellular Respiration Converting __________________ into __________________ into __________________

2. Transfer of ENERGY… Light energy  PHOTOSYNTHESIS  sugar energy  CELLULAR RESPIRATION  ATP Complex organisms plants

3. Do plants do cellular respiration? Yep! Yep! Why? Why? Their photosynthesis makes their _______ Their photosynthesis makes their _______ Then their C.R. makes their _______ Then their C.R. makes their _______

4. What is the equation for CELLULAR RESPIRATION? _______ + _______  _______ + _______ _______ + _______  _______ + _______ What is the equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

5. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC

6. GLYCOLYSIS - lysis: splitting - glyc: glucose

7. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC

8. Aerobic respiration has 2 steps Krebs cycle Krebs cycle Electron transport chain (ETC) Electron transport chain (ETC)

9. CONVERSION STEP

10. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC

11. KREBS CYCLE

13. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC

14. ETC

15. ATP ADP + P i Fig. 7.7b, p. 116 INNER COMPARTMENT ETC

16. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC In AEROBIC RESPIRATION, How many ____ did you make? NADH? = FADH? = ATP? =

17. So, who goes down the ETC? FERMENTATION In AEROBIC RESPIRATION, How many ____ did you make? NADH? = FADH? = ATP? =

18. ETC

19. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC

20. BUT WHAT IF THERE IS NO OXYGEN PRESENT ? BUT WHAT IF THERE IS NO OXYGEN PRESENT ? OR if we need more energy fast because you are doing strenuous exercise OR if we need more energy fast because you are doing strenuous exercise

21. FERMENTATION NAD+ NADH + H LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

22. FERMENTATION NADH + H NAD+ ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION

23. Which fermentation do you think Bees undergo with the nectar sugar?

24. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC

25. Now… WHERE does each take place? Glycolysis  Glycolysis  Conversion step  Conversion step  Krebs Cycle  Krebs Cycle  ETC  ETC  Fermentation  Fermentation 

26. Fig. 7.5a, p. 114 inner compartmentouter compartmentcytoplasm outer mitochondrial membrane inner mitochondrial membrane (see next slide)

27. Fig. 7.5b, p. 114 Krebs Cycle NADH ATP ADP + P i INNER COMPARTMENT OUTER COMPARTMENT acetyl-CoA free oxygen 6 Following its gradients, H + flows back into inner compartment, through ATP synthases. The flow drives ATP formation. 1 Pyruvate from cytoplasm enters inner mitochondrial compartment. 3 NADH and FADH 2 give up electrons and H + to membrane- bound electron transport systems. 2 Krebs cycle and preparatory steps: NAD + and FADH 2 accept electrons and hydrogen stripped from the pyruvate. ATP forms. Carbon dioxide forms. 5 Oxygen accepts electrons, joins with H + to form water. 4 As electrons move through the transport system, H + is pumped to outer compartment.

28. What is the equation for CELLULAR RESPIRATION? _______ + _______  _______ + _______ _______ + _______  _______ + _______ Hmm… we use glucose in ___________________________ So where do we use oxygen??? Is this an AEROBIC OR ANAEROBIC respiration equation?

29. ATP ADP + P i Fig. 7.7b, p. 116 INNER COMPARTMENT ETC ??????????

30. KILOCALORIE Measurement of energy Measurement of energy =1000 calories =1000 calories

31. What is the energy efficiency of? Glycolysis  Glycolysis  Conversion step  Conversion step  Krebs Cycle  Krebs Cycle  ETC  ETC  Fermentation  Fermentation  !  !  

32. What is EFFICIENCY? Efficiency is how much energy you released from the energy you used.. Efficiency is how much energy you released from the energy you used.. Effeciency = (#ATP made) x 12kcal Effeciency = (#ATP made) x 12kcal 686kcal energy released by glucose 686kcal energy released by glucose What is the efficiency of aerobic respiration? = (38 x 12)/ 686 =.66 = 66% = (38 x 12)/ 686 =.66 = 66% What is the efficiency of glycolysis? = (2 x 12)/ 686 =.035 = 3.5% = (2 x 12)/ 686 =.035 = 3.5%

33. So…what are the 2 main processes of Cellular Respiration? SLOW FIBERS ENDURANCE (CROSSCOUNTRY, SOCCER, BASKETBALL...) FAST FIBERS POWER (SPRINTERS, POWERLIFTING…) Aerobic breakdown of glucoseAnaerobic breakdown of glucose Fibers are thin, maximizing the surface area and their contact with blood containing oxygen Fibers are thicker which enhances their power Fibers have many mitochondriaFibers have fewer mitochondria Fibers contain molecules of myoglobin, a red protein related to hemoglobin (a carrier of oxygen) Gives the muscles fibers a reddish color (DARK MEAT) Fibers contain much less myoglobin, making them pale in color (WHITE MEAT) End products of respiration are CO 2 and H 2 O End product of respiration is lactic acid - which causes muscle "burn"

34. Cellular Respiration GLYCOLYSIS CONVERSION STEP FERMENTATION KREBS CYCLE ETC