1. Packet #27 Chapter #9

2. Introduction I The Kreb’s Cycle is known by two different names, the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the Citric Acid Cycle, and accounts for about two thirds of the total oxidation of carbon compounds in most cells.

3. Introduction II The major end products produced are CO 2 and NADH formed from high energy electrons. NADH is produced via the oxidation of acetyl groups, from ACoA, into CO 2. The eight step/reaction process begins and ends with the reproduction of oxaloacetate. Additionally, without the use of oxygen, ATP is produced. Substrate level phosphorylation.

4. Steps of the Kreb’s Cycle The two carbon acetyl group combines with the four carbon substance oxaloacetate during step #1. During the series of reactions, two CO 2, three NADH, one FADH and one ATP are produced. Per pyruvate/ACoA.

5. The Kreb’s Cycle

6. Review/End Products of the Kreb’s Cycle Per pyruvate/ACoA 3 NADH 1 FADH 1 GTP Later changed to ATP 2 CO 2 Per Glucose Remembering that glucose was split into two. 6 NADH 2 FADH 2 GTP Later changed to ATP 4 CO 2

7. Special Notes Kreb’s Cycle The Kreb’s Cycle provides hydrogen atoms, which ultimately yield the major part of the energy derived from the oxidation of a glucose molecule. It is a valuable source of intermediates which are used to manufacture other substances. Fatty acids Amino acids Carotenoids