1. Ecological Zones

2. Ecozones p.74 What is an ecozone? An ecozone is a large region; look at how human activities interact with environment -ecozone is swamps, bogs, fauna, forests of mixed forest like the Boreal Shield - These are areas of Canada that have very distinct landforms, climate, soil, geologic history, water features, vegetation, wildlife and human activities

3. Ecozones p.74 What is an ecozone? An Ecozone is an area with distinct landforms, climate, soil, geologic history, water features, vegetation, wildlife, and human activities all linked together

4. ●All of these factors are so connected to each other that a chance in just one factor will result in changes in another. eg. If precipitation levels change, it will effect plant growth which will effect food supply for animals and humans

5. Ecozones- Why Were They Developed? -geographers developed to identify environmental problems and find solutions How Many? Canada has ___terrestrial (land) ecozones and ___marine (water) ecozones. Our ecozones is called the ________ _________

6. Studying Ecozones Means Studying: Ecozones: look at interactions; to solve environmental problems Landforms Climate Soils Rivers-Drainage Basins Flora and Fauna Human Activities

7. ●Ontario has 3 ecozones (1)Mixed Wood Plains (we live here) (2)Boreal Shield (3)Hudson Plains

8. Factor Boreal Shield MixedwoodPlain Hudson Plain Landforms Canadian Shield Great Lakes Lowland Low-lying, swampy plain Climate Long winters, short summers Cool short winters, long hot summers Long cold winter, short cool summer Vegetation Coniferous and mixed forest Deciduous and mixed forest Low lying plants, some forest Soils Wet climate, leached soils Permafrost, Wildlife Moose, black bear, lynx, wolf Raccoon, skunk, deer Caribou, polar bear HumanActivities Forestry, mining, trapping Agriculture, urbanization Hunting, trapping, fishing

9. Transition Zones and Boundaries Sketch the Figure on page 71 that is what nature is like. Ecozone boundaries are not exact; characteristics gradually change between two ecozones. The boundaries are not physical like The Great Wall of China.

10. Issues in Selected Ecozones Mixedwood Plains p. 76 -_______ pollution is a pressing issue: _______ is dangerous for people with breathing issues -_______ pollution: cities find it harder to dispose of ________ safely -_______ pollution: water quality-problems caused by ________ _______ and urban _______.

11. Hudson Plains Read pages 72-73 -It remains soggy today because the ground is permanently frozen; this __________ causes water to pool in swamps since it can't drain. Issue: with warmer temperatures -_________ thaws-more ____ released -_________ loss so less flora and fauna

12. Boreal Shield p. 77 -area stretches from ______ to _______. -fragile with thin ______cover Specific problems causing ________ to decline: -_______ rain from industries affecting _____, _______, and _______ -toxic chemicals building up in river systems from dams, pulp and paper mills, and metal refining -______ ______ affecting forests; limited species replanted

13. Pacific Maritime Issues p. 78 -_______________ by Canadian and American boats -reduced salmon population from __________ -cheap way to cut timber: ________ _________ -original trees called _____ _______ _______ Sketch and label a diagram from 4.11 with these labels: uncut forests, clear-cut area, logging roads, small mountain- stream valleys

14. Taiga Plains Ecozone p. 78 - ____ % of population -Dene Nation relies on _________ and __________ and _________ mostly around the __________ ___________. -controversy around a pipeline to carry _____ ___ south called Northern Gateway Pipeline -Aboriginal _______ ________ signed by the Dene has lead to divided opinions: PROSCONS

15. Drainage Basins (part of Ecozones) p. 79 -a drainage basin is ______________________________________ Canada has ____ drainage basins. They are, from largest to smallest (rank them): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. We are in this drainage basin: ___________

16. FactorBoreal ShieldMixedwood Plain Hudson Plain LandformsLow-lying, swampy plain ClimateLong winters, short summers Cool short winters, long hot summers VegetationDeciduous and mixed forest SoilsWet climate, leached soils WildlifeRaccoon, skunk, deer Human Activities Agriculture, urbanization Hunting, trapping, fishing