1. Modern Music

2. Modern composers break from the form of the classical symphony 4 Symphonic movements 1.Sonata form, relatively fast Exposition, development, recapitulation 2.Slow, lyrical movement 3.Minuet (a stately dance) 4.Spirited, cheerful conclusion

3. Program Music: the music describes a plot much as a story does Franz Liszt uses the symphony orchestra to tell the stories of Hamlet, Orpheus, and The Battle of the Huns in relatively brief pieces. Richard Strauss composed “tone poems” that demonstrate a new attitude toward symphonic form as well. In one tone poem Strauss retells the story (first told by Mozart in his opera and Byron in his poem) of Don Juan; in his Alpine Symphony he describes (in a single 50 minute movement) a mountaineering expedition.

4. Modernist Music Claude Debussy: Claire de Lune (Moonlight), impressionistic, evoking the atmosphere of nature Maurice Ravel: Piano Concerto in G, also working in an impressionistic idiom, but alternates between Mozart’s delicacy and the exuberance of American jazz Arnold Schönberg: Pierrot Lunaire, atonal expressionist music, deliberately avoids traditional chords and harmonies Igor Stravinsky: The Rite of Spring, a challenging ballet with constantly changing, complex and violent rhythms