1. Trust Meta-Policies for Flexible and Dynamic Policy Based Trust Management Knowledge & Data Engineering Group, School of Computer Science & Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. Email: {Firstname.Lastname}@cs.tcd.ie Karl Quinn, Dave Lewis, Declan O’Sullivan, and Vincent P. Wade.

2. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust “Trust is a fashionable but overloaded term with lots of intertwined meanings” [1] - ‘ Why is Trust Bad for Security ’, Dieter Gollmann, Keynote, Policy 2005. [Editor in chief: International Journal of Information Security]

3. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust Many definitions use synonyms or trust inspiring terms... – “Credibility or Reliability” - Golbeck [2] – “Confidence or Faith” - Shadbolt [3] – “Reputation” - Golbeck [4] – “Competence and Honesty” - Grandison [5] – “Competence and Reliability” - McAllister [6] – “Belief” - McKnight [7]

4. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust [iTrust 06]

5. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Multi-faceted Model of Trust OWL Upper Ontology Meta-Model

6. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Personalised Model Domain Specific Model Upper Model Meta Model OWL Protégé Jena OWL

7. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust Meta-Policies Trust Meta-Policy –A trust policy about a standard policy. Arose from integration of trust research with: –Community Based Policy Management (CBPM) Self-model sub-communities. Delegate Resource and Authority sets. Allow membership of community based on an arbitrary qualification or criteria. »CBPM: See Policy 2004 »CBPM & Trust: See Policy 2005

8. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Half Life 2 Simulator Movie

9. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust Meta-Policies Current CBPM & Trust integration.

10. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust Meta-Policies Policy with Trust Meta-Policy Step One

11. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust Meta-Policies Policy with Trust Meta-Policy Step Two association

12. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Trust Meta-Policies Advantages: –Independent management and usage of trust policies and standard policies. –Trust Meta-Policy naturally associates events with risk levels. –Combining standard policies and trust meta-policies provides flexible and dynamic management. Disadvantages: –How, in implementation terms, are Trust Meta-Policies associated and evaluated with standard policies?

13. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Evaluation Experiment Subject created: –Personalised Model of Trust, –Annotated various people with trust data, –Created Trust Meta-Policies for various objects, –Asked whether they would grant a request for an object. Evaluation: –Calculated personalised trust value, –Recommended based on trust value and trust meta- policy. –Accuracy evaluated by answer & recommendation comparison.

14. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Evaluation Experiment [9]

15. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Evaluation Experiment [~280] Accuracy Very Low Trust Low Trust High Trust Very High Trust Very Low Risk 97 91.8% 8 272 93.0% 19 425 96.7% 14 150 99.3% 1 Low Risk 55 56.4% 24 174 73.6% 46 269 88.5% 31 86 97.7% 2 High Risk 99 84.8% 15 313 60.0% 125 535 77.7% 119 177 90.4% 17 Very High Risk 201 94.0% 12 517 86.9% 68 819 54.2% 375 323 66.9% 107 Accuracy Matrix – Evaluation Experiment One (of three)

16. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Summary Multi-faceted, personalised, and specialised model of trust. CBPM, and HL2 Integration. Trust Meta-Policies. Evaluation Experiment Thank You

17. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. Publications - www.karlquinn.com PUBLICATIONS 2004 Quinn, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade, V.P., 'Composition of Trustworthy Web Services', Information Technology and Telecommunications Annual Conference, Limerick, Ireland, October 20-21, 2004. Brennan, R., Quinn, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade V.P., 'On the Application of Paired Comparison to Trust', 2nd International Workshop on Managing Ubiquitous Communications and Services (MUCS), Dublin, Ireland, December 13-14, 2004. PUBLICATIONS 2005 Quinn, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade, V.P., 'deepTrust Management Application for Discovery, Selection, and Composition of Trustworthy Services', 9th IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2005), Nice, France, 15-19 May, 2005. Feeney, K., Quinn, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade, V.P., 'Relationship-Driven Policy Engineering for Autonomic Organisations', IEEE 6th International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks (POLICY 2005), Stockholm, Sweden, 6-8 June, 2005. Quinn, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade, V.P., 'Policy & Ontologies [Panellist]', 4th International Semantic Web Conference, Semantic Web Policy Workshop (SWPW 2005), Galway, Ireland, 7th November, 2005. PUBLICATIONS 2006 Quinn, K., Kenny, A., Feeney, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade, V.P., 'A Framework for the Decentralisation and Management of Collaborative Applications in Ubiquitous Computing Environments ', 10th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS 2006), Vancouver, Canada, 3-7 April, 2006. Quinn, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade, V.P., 'The Design, Generation, and Utilisation of a Semantically Rich Personalised Model of Trust', 4th International Conference on Trust Management (iTrust 2006), Pisa, Italy, 15-19 May, 2006. Quinn, K., O'Sullivan, D., Lewis, D., Wade, V.P., 'Trust Meta-Policies for Flexible and Dynamic Policy Based Trust Management', 7th International Workshop on Policy (POLICY 2006), London, Ontario, Canada, 5-7 June, 2006.

18. Policy 2006, London, Ontario, Canada. References [1] Gollmann, D., ‘Why Trust is Bad for Security’, Keynote Speech, IEEE 6th International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks (POLICY 2005), Stockholm, Sweden, 6-8 June, 2005. [2] Golbeck, J., Hendler, J., Parsia, B. ‘Trust Networks on the Semantic Web’, 12th International Web Conference (WWW03), Budapest, Hungary, May 2003. [3] Shadbolt, N., ‘A Matter of Trust’, IEEE Intelligent Systems, pp. 2-3 January/February 2002. [4] Golbeck, J., Hendler, J., ‘Inferring Reputation on the Semantic Web’, 13th International Web Conference (WWW2004), New York, NY, USA, May 2004. [5] Grandison, T., Sloman, M., ‘A Survey of Trust in Internet Applications’, IEEE Communications Surveys, 3, pp. 2-16, Fourth Quarter 2000. [6] D. McAllister, "Affect- and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations," Academy of Management Journal, vol. 381, pp. 24-59, 1995. [7] McKnight, H.D., Chervany, N.L., ‘The Meanings of Trust; Technical Report 94-04, Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota’, 1996.