1. CLME Project: Sustainable Management of shared living marine resources in the CLME and adjacent areas CLME + Project Objective: Facilitating EBM/EAF in the CLME + for the sustainable and climate resilient provision of goods and services from shared living marine resources, in line with the endorsed CLME + SAP

2. CHALLENGES: INDICATORS - DIFFERENT NEEDS TO BE ADDRESSED Inform and support :  at local, national, regional, and global levels  projects, programmes, protocols, conventions,…  political vs technical decision-makers  project/programme managers, donor, stakeholder, general pubic

6. CLME + = 2 LMEs: the CARIBBEAN LME and the NORTH BRAZIL SHELF LME 25 GEF-eligible countries + dependent territories + USA

7. HABITAT DEGRADATION UNSUSTAINABLE FISHERIES POLLUTION CLIMATE CHANGE SOCIETAL CHANGE CLME TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSES: 3 KEY PROBLEMS throughout the CLME+

8. CONTINENTAL SHELF REEFS & ASSOCIATED HABITATS PELAGIC ECOSYSTEM CLME TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSES: 3 ECOSYSTEM TYPES support different KEY FISHERIES & BIODIVERSITY: CARIBBEAN & NORTH BRAZIL SHELF LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

9. Causal-Chain Analysis SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DIRECT CAUSES INDIRECT CAUSES ROOT CAUSES (Alternative to CCA = “DPSIR” (EEA): Drivers – Pressure – Status – Impact – Response)

10. ROOT CAUSES OF THE 3 CLME + ISSUES

11. CLME SAP ACTIONS Causal-Chain Analysis SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DIRECT CAUSES INDIRECT CAUSES ROOT CAUSES Eg. damaged coral reefs Eg. Loss of livelihoods examples: - physical impact (fishing gear) examples: - lack of awareness - inadequate data - limited resources - high dependence on fishing -- inadequate governance framework Various human and economic activities: - tourism - fishing - agriculture - transport PROCESS INDICATORS STRESS REDUCTION INDICATORS ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS INDICATORS SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS INDICATORS (Alternative to CCA = “DPSIR” (EEA): Drivers – Pressure – Status – Impact – Response)

12. sLMR Governance: thePolicy Cycle 12 Who is mandated to do this? WHO NEEDS WHAT? WHO CAN PROVIDE WHAT? Who is mandated to do this? Who is mandated to do this? Who is mandated to do this?

13. CLME SAP: 6 main STRATEGIES and 4 sub-strategies S1 – Protection of the Marine Environment S2 – Sustainable Fisheries S3 – Inter-sectoral Coordination S4 – EBM, Reef Ecosystems S4a Spiny Lobster Fisheries S4b Queen Conch Fisheries S5 – EAF, Pelagic Ecosystem S5a Flyingfish Fisheries S4b Large Pelagics Fisheries S6 – EBM/EAF, Continental Shelf

14. PROJECT / PROGRAMME COORDINATION & OVERSIGHT TRANSBOUNDARY DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENTS PILOT PROJECTS CASE STUDIES GOVERNANCE ANALYSIS SAP “UMBRELLA” Existing Projects New Projects Implementation of new projects under the SAP supported by the GEF The CLME SAP Umbrella US$ 100+ M of coordinated efforts

15. Arrangements/ architecture in place? Governance processes operational? Socially just outcomes achieved? Ecosystem stressors reduced? Ecosystems improved/ protected? Human well-being improved/ assured? Stakeholders appropriately engaged? GOVERNANCE EFFECTIVENESS The Policy Cycle Mandates assigned for each component? Mandates effectively executed? Linkages effective? Mandate: Geographic scope: ecosystem? Species range? Thematic scope: sectoral? Integrated?

16. DPSIR FRAMEWORK (Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) DRIVER PRESSURE Current STATUS DESIRED STATUS IMPACT RESPONSE(S) (slightly modified version – CLME) Think of status in terms of: Fish stock status Fish stock status Ecosystem status/health Ecosystem status/health Socio-economic conditions Socio-economic conditions Human health Human health Etc. Etc. Think of impact in terms of: The distance of what you would want, and what you currently have, with this distance being a consequence of the existence of Drivers and Pressures The aim of the responses would be to reduce the distance between the current and the desired status (the “undesired impacts”) distance between the current and the desired status (the “undesired impacts”) Responses can act on the Drivers, or on the Pressures, or can directly attempt to restore conditions in the field (act directly on Status) Different sectors of society will have different mandates, or will be better positioned, to implement certain “solutions”, or responses. Typically, a “bundle” of well- coordinated responses will provide the best opportunity for achieving a more holistic, sustainable solution Collaboration among different actors is therefore required: Government Civil Society / CSOs /NGOs Private Sector

17. DATA & INFORMATION: CRITICAL CONCEPTS IN CONTEXT OF CLME 1.CLME CONCEPTUAL APPROACH: 3X3 MATRIX 3 key problems 3 key “fishery” ecosystem types 2.NOAA “LME” CONCEPT: 5-MODULAR APPROACH productivity indicators fish/fisheries indicators pollution/ecosystem health indicators socio-economic indicators governance indicators 3.GEF LME INDICATOR FRAMEWORK: process indicators stress reduction indicators environmental / ecosystem status indicators (socio-economic indicators) 4.GEF TRANSBOUNDARY WATERS ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME (TWAP) governance architecture governance effectiveness

18. “SMART” Indicators? Specific Measurable Achievable Relevant Time-bound

19. COMPONENTS OF THE CLME+ PROJECT (PIF) ENHANCE THE GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS BUILD THE CAPACITY TO MAKE EFFECTIVE USE OF THE ENHANCED ARRANGEMENTS DEMONSTRATE EBM/EAF (prioritize/select – limited $) building on results from C1&2 FEASIBILITY STUDIES – INVESTMENT NEEDS FOR UPSCALING OF RESULTS REGION-WIDE M&E OF SAP IMPLEMENTATION C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 enable facilitate demonstrate scale-up, replicate track progress, foster synergies, avoid duplication, review/revise approach

20. OUTCOME 5 - (a) enhanced coordination and collaboration among shared Living Marine Resources (sLMR) projects and initiatives in the region; (b) adaptive management of sLMR-related projects and initiatives in the region; (c) exchange of best/good practices among the LME CoP  Partnerships/cooperation among development partners, programmes, projects, initiatives (PPIs) and countries/territories with a stake in the CLME + SAP (“CLME + SAP Partnership”)  Common/compatible approaches for the joint Monitoring & Assessment of overall SAP implementation (using concepts from the GEF IW M&E Strategy, the Regional Governance Framework (RGF) & Governance Effectiveness Assessment Framework)  SAP implementation web portal(s) and other dissemination means providing CLME+ stakeholders with overview of periodically updated indicator sets (process, stress reduction, environmental/ecosystem and socio- economic status indicators) “State of the Marine Ecosystems and shared Living Marine Resources in the CLME + ” Digital Portal and Report (“Progress with CLME+ SAP” and “CLME+ Project implementation” sections) Global dissemination and sharing of experiences with other LMEs IW:LEARN twinnings / exchanges regional IW:LEARN workshops

21. CLME Strategic Action Programme: 3 Regional Strategies APPLY SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE! But: Governance = Governments + Private Sector + NGOs + …

23. “Caribbean Marine Atlas 2” Project Main objectives: Sustainable operationalization of a digital Caribbean Marine Atlas in support of: ICZM policy and decision-making in a selected set of pilot countries Decision-making processes linked to the implementation of the CLME+ SAP

24. ESTABLISH A WORKING GROUP ON INDICATORS FOR EBM/EAF / SAP IMPLEMENTATION IN THE CLME +?

25. STRATEGY 2 (Sust. Fisheries): GEOPOLITICAL COMPLEXITY & SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE OSPESCA member states

26. STRATEGY 2 (Sust. Fisheries): GEOPOLITICAL COMPLEXITY & SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE CRFM member states

27. STRATEGY 2 (Sust. Fisheries): GEOPOLITICAL COMPLEXITY & SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE OSPESCA-CRFM Joint Action Plan

28. STRATEGY 2 (Sust. Fisheries): GEOPOLITICAL COMPLEXITY & SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE not a member of OSPESCA or CRFM

29. STRATEGY 2 (Sust. Fisheries): GEOPOLITICAL COMPLEXITY & SUBSIDIARITY PRINCIPLE WECAFC geographic scope

30. DPSIR FRAMEWORK (Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) DRIVER PRESSURE Current STATUS DESIRED STATUS IMPACT RESPONSE(S) (slightly modified version – CLME) Think of status in terms of: Fish stock status Fish stock status Ecosystem status/health Ecosystem status/health Socio-economic conditions Socio-economic conditions Human health Human health Etc. Etc. Think of impact in terms of: The distance of what you would want, and what you currently have, with this distance being a consequence of the existence of Drivers and Pressures The aim of the responses would be to reduce the distance between the current and the desired status (the “undesired impacts”) distance between the current and the desired status (the “undesired impacts”) Responses can act on the Drivers, or on the Pressures, or can directly attempt to restore conditions in the field (act directly on Status) Different sectors of society will have different mandates, or will be better positioned, to implement certain “solutions”, or responses. Typically, a “bundle” of well- coordinated responses will provide the best opportunity for achieving a more holistic, sustainable solution Collaboration among different actors is therefore required: Government Civil Society / CSOs /NGOs Private Sector

31. “DPSIR”, SAP and CMA… SAP actions INDICATORS: periodic monitoring of “distance to target” helps : setting priorities setting priorities allocating resources allocating resources tracking progress tracking progress revision of actions (as needed) revision of actions (as needed)  CMA2 CAN HELP MAP: DRIVERS, PRESSURES, STATE, IMPACTS  SOCIETY DEFINES “DESIRED STATE” of ECOSYSTEMS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS  (negative) IMPACT = DIFFERENCE BETWEEN “CURRENT” AND “DESIRED” STATE  INDICATORS: BASELINE/TARGET; MONITOR PROGRESS IN REDUCING NEGATIVE IMPACTS

32. “DPSIR”, SAP and CMA… SAP ACTIONS SAP actions Current State Desired State IMPACT M&E framework RELEVANCE: AGENDA ITEM # 8