1. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. 1/22 p.225 Exercise 23

2. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. 2/22 p.225 Exercise 23

3. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject 3/22 p.225 Exercise 23

4. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject verb subject verb 4/22 p.225 Exercise 23

5. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject verb subject verb object 5/22 p.225 Exercise 23

6. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject verb subject verb object 6/22 p.225 Exercise 23

7. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. verb object subject 7/22 p.225 Exercise 23

8. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. verb object subject 8/22 p.225 Exercise 23

9. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. 9/22 p.225 Exercise 23

10. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. 10/22 p.225 Exercise 23

11. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. 11/22 p.225 Exercise 23

12. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. 12/22 p.225 Exercise 23

13. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. 13/22 p.225 Exercise 23

14. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. 14/22 p.225 Exercise 23

15. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. 15/22 p.225 Exercise 23

16. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. paper subject was made be p.p. 16/22 p.225 Exercise 23

17. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. paper subject was made be p.p. 17/22 p.225 Exercise 23

18. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. paper subject was made be p.p. 18/22 p.225 Exercise 23

19. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. paper subject was made be p.p. 19/22 p.225 Exercise 23

20. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. paper subject was made be p.p. most of the work is done by machines be p.p. 20/22 p.225 Exercise 23

21. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. subject It is used be p.p. paper has been made subjectbe p.p. paper subject was made be p.p. most of the work is done by machines be p.p. paper is made subject be p.p. 21/22 p.225 Exercise 23

22. (1) Paper is a common material. People use it everywhere in the world. Throughout history, people have made it from various plants, such as rice and papyrus, but today wood is the chief source of paper. In the past, people made paper by hand, but now machines do most of the work. Today people make paper from wood pulp by using either a mechanical or a chemical process. It is used paper has been made paper was made most of the work is done by machinespaper is made 22/22 p.225 Exercise 23

23. (2)In the mechanical process, someone grinds the wood into small chips. wood is ground In the mechanical process, wood is ground into small chips. p.225 Exercise 23

24. (2)During the grinding, someone sprays it with water to keep it from burning from the friction of the grinder. it is sprayed During the grinding, it is sprayedwith water to keep it from burning from the friction of the grinder. p.225 Exercise 23

25. (2)Then someone soaks the chips in water. the chips are soaked Then the chips are soaked in water. p.225 Exercise 23

26. (3) In the chemical process,first someone washes the wood,and then someone cuts it into small pieces in a chipping machine. Then someone cooks the chips in cirtain chemicals. After someone cooks the wood, someone washes it to get rid of the chemicals. p.225 Exercise 23

27. (3) In the chemical process,first someone washes the wood,and then someone cuts it into small pieces in a chipping machine. Then someone cooks the chips in cirtain chemicals. After someone cooks the wood, someone washes it to get rid of the chemicals. p.225 Exercise 23

28. (3) In the chemical process,first the wood is washed,and then it is cut into small pieces in a chipping machine. Then the chips are cooked in cirtain chemicals. After the wood is cooked,it is washed to get rid of the chemicals.

29. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. Someone drains the pulp to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use.

31. subject

32. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. Someone drains the pulp to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject verb

33. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. Someone drains the pulp to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject verb object verbobject

34. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. Someone drains the pulp to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverb object

35. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. drains the pulp to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject verbobject

36. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp drains to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverb

37. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp drains to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverb

38. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectbe p.p.

39. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. verbobject

40. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, bleaches it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. verbobject

41. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. objectbe p.p.

42. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washes it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. objectverb

43. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washed it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. objectp.p.

44. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then thoroughly washed it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. objectp.p. be

45. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then (is) thoroughly washed it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. objectp.p.be

46. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then (is) thoroughly washed it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject objectverb

47. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next someone puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectobjectverb

48. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next puts the pulp through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject object verb

49. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again.Next the pulp puts ( ) through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverb

50. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject bep.p.

51. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject verb object

52. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverbobject

53. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, someone winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject verbobject

54. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, ( )winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverbobject

55. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, ( )winds them onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverbobject

56. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, they winds onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject verb

57. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, they winds onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subjectverb

58. The next steps in making paper are the same for both the mechanical and the chemical processes. The pulp is drained to form a thick mass, is bleached it with chlorine, and then is thoroughly washed it again. Next the pulp is put through a large machine that squeezes the water out and forms the pulp into long sheets. After the pulp sheets go through a drier and a press, they are wound onto rolls. These rolls of paper are then ready for use. subject be p.p.

59. (5)The next time you use paper, you should think about its origin and how people make it. And you should ask yourself this question: What would the world be like without paper? If you can imagine how different today’s world would be without paper, you will immediately understand how essential paper has been in the development of civilization. p.225 Exercise 23

60. (5)The next time you use paper, you should think about its origin and how it is made. And you should ask yourself this question: What would the world be like without paper? If you can imagine how different today’s world would be without paper, you will immediately understand how essential paper has been in the development of civilization. p.225 Exercise 23