1. THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_m0VG01w6lU

2. I. England in the 17 th Century  Increase in middle class  English colonies in North America  Upper-class (House of Commons) paid taxes (unlike France)  Clash with Stuart Kings  Calvinism  Puritans

3. II. Key Issues  Role of Monarch  Divine Right  Absolute rule  House of Commons  Determined to preserve traditional privileges  Stronger voice in political affairs  Organization of the Anglican Church  Stuarts favored religious hierarchy  Puritans wanted a voice

4. III. James I (1603-1625)  Divine right  Fought with Parliament  Presbyterian system of church government would threaten the monarchy

5. IV. Charles I (1625-1649)  Divine right  $$$  Opposed Puritans (supported Anglican church)  Scots invade England  William Laud (executed) tries to force the English prayer book  In need of $$$, Parliament is called into session  Petition of Right, 1628  No one should be compelled to pay any tax or loan without the common consent by act of Parliament  No one should be imprisoned without due process of law.

6. V. English Civil War  Cavaliers- supported the monarchy  Roundheads-favored Parliamentary monarchy  Cromwell- leader  New Model Army- Protestant army  King Charles I executed

7. VI. England under Oliver Cromwell  Commonwealth (1649-53) abolished the monarchy  Cromwell (Lord Protector) + one house Parliament held political power  1653- Cromwell took on a one man rule  Crushed uprising in Ireland (famine and plague)  Navigation Act 1651- meant to cut off Dutch ships  Puritans-strict moral code  Son, Richard Cromwell could not command the same respect after his father’s death

8. VII. The Restoration  Parliament, Church of England and monarchy restored  Charles II (Stuart) invited to rule (1660-1685)  First political parties Tories- strong loyalty to the throne Whigs-suspicious of Catholics and exclude James from the throne  James II (Stuart) (1685-1688)  Catholic influence

9. VIII. The Glorious Revolution  William and Mary  James’ daughter Mary and husband William of Orange (Dutch leader)  Whigs and Tories invite them to overthrow James II  The Bill of Rights, 1689  William and Mary required to accept  Key provisions Free debate Taxation and laws required parliamentary consent Monarch could not be Roman Catholic Parliament would meet often and could only be dissolved with its own consent

10. IX. Importance  English rejected the theory of divine right  Glorious Revolution-overthrow of James II  Limited the power of the English Monarchy  Constitutional monarchy established in England