1. ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 American National Standard for Office Chair General-Purpose Office Chairs - Tests Bill WANG Senior Engineer- Furniture Test

2. Scope 范围 This standard is intended to provide manufacturers, specifiers, and users with a common basis for evaluating the safety, durability, and structural adequacy of general-purpose office chairs. General-purpose office chairs are normally used in an office environment and may include, but are not limited to those seating styles typically referred to as: executive/management, task/secretarial, side/guest chairs, stacking chairs, tablet arm chairs and stools. This standard describes the means of evaluating general-purpose office chairs, independent of construction materials, manufacturing processes, mechanical designs or aesthetic designs. This standard does not address lounge seating, flammability, surface material durability, cushioning materials, product emissions, or ergonomic considerations. The standard defines specific tests, the laboratory equipment that may be used, the conditions of tests, and the minimum acceptance levels to be used in evaluating general-purpose office chairs. The acceptance levels given in this standard are based on the actual field use and test experience of BIFMA International members. The tests in this standard are intended to assess the performance of new products only. They are not intended to assess a product that has been in use. ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002

3. Test Items 测试项目 Test ItemsType IType IIType III Backrest Strength Test - Static - Type lx Backrest Strength Test - Static - Type II & IIIxx Base Test - Staticxxx Drop Test - Dynamicxxx Swivel Test - Cyclicxxx Tilt Mechanism Test - Cyclicxx Seating Durability Test - Cyclicxxx Stability Testsxxx Arm Strength Test - Vertical - Staticxxx Arm Strength Test - Horizontal - Staticxxx Backrest Durability Test - Cyclic - Type Ix Backrest Durability Test - Cyclic - Type II and Type IIIxx ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002

4. Test Items 测试项目 Test ItemsType IType IIType III Caster/Chair Base Durability Test - Cyclicxxx Leg Strength Test - Front and Side Applicationxxx Footrest Durability Test - Vertical - Cyclicxxx Arm Durability Test - Cyclicxxx Out Stop Tests for Chairs with Manually Adjustable Seat Depth xxx Tablet Arm Static Load Testxxx Tablet Arm Load Ease Test - Cyclicxxx ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002

5. Types of Chairs Type I: Tilt Chairs Type II: Fixed seat angle, tilting backrest Type III: Fixed seat angle, fixed backrest

6. Backrest Strength Test ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: Type I: Functional load － 200 lb (890 N). Proof load － 300 lb (1334 N). Type II & III: Functional load － 150 lb (667N). Proof load － 250 lb (1112N). Load point: 16 in. (406mm) or top Duration: 1 min. Purpose of Test: The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the chair to withstand stresses such as those caused by the user exerting a rearward force on the backrest of the chair.

7. ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Base Test Main Parameter: Test loading: 2500 lbf. (11120N). Duration: 1 min. Cycle: 2 times 不通过测试的案例 Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of a pedestal base to withstand excessive vertical forces.

8. Drop Test - Dynamic ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: Functional load: 225 lb (102 kg). Proof load: 300 lb (136kg). Drop height: 152mm (6 in.) Cycle: 2 times (Highest and Lowest) Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the chair to withstand heavy and abusive impact forces on the seat.

9. Swivel Test ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: Seat loading ： 225 lb (102kg). Cycle ： 60,000(highest Position) 60,000(lowest Position) Note: If the available range of rotation is less than 360°, the rotation of the test machine shall be adjusted such that the swivel mechanism touches but does not override the stops. Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the chair to withstand stresses and wear of repeated swiveling.

10. Tilt Mechanism Test - Cyclic ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: Seat loading: 225 lb (102kg). Cycle: 300,000 Note ： move the mechanism between the front and back stops, without overriding or impacting either stop. Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the tilt mechanism to withstand the fatigue stresses and wear caused by repeated tilting.

11. Seating Durability Test - Cyclic ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: 1.Seating impact test Weight of impactor: 125 lb (57 kg). Drop height: 25 mm (1 in); Cycle: 100,000 2.Front corner load - Ease test Cycle: 40000 （ 20000 for each corner ） Loading: 165 lbf (734 N). Loading pad: 203mm ± 13mm (8 in. ± 0.51 in.) diameter Purpose of Test The purpose of these tests is to evaluate the ability of chairs to withstand fatigue stresses andwear caused by downward vertical force(s) on the seat.

12. Stability Test （ Rear & Front stability ） ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: 1.Rear stability Loading ： 173 lbs (79 kg) Min. tipping force ： Type I ： 20 lbf. (89 N) Type II ： 20 lbf. (89 N) Type III ： 35 lbf. (156 N) 2. Front stability Loading ： 135 lbf (600 N). Pull ： 4.5 lbf (20 N). Purpose of Test The purpose of these tests is to evaluate the front and rear stability of chairs.

13. Arm Strength Test - Vertical & Horizontal Static ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: 1.Vertical Functional load: 200lb (890 N). Proof load: 300lb (1334 N). Duration: 1 min. 2.Horizontal Functional load: 100lb (445 N). Proof load: 150lb (667 N). Duration: 1 min. Purpose of Test The purpose of the test is to evaluate the ability of a chair arm to withstand stresses caused by applying forces on the arm(s).

14. Backrest Durability Test ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: 1.Backrest with less than 406 mm (16 in.) in width. Backrest loading: Type I: 100 lbf (445 N). Type II & III: 75 lbf (334 N). Load point: 16 in. (406mm) or top Seat loading: 225 lb (102 kg). Cycles: 120,000 2.Backrest with less than 406 mm (16 in.) in width. Load point: 102 mm (4 in) to the right of the vertical centerline Cycles: 20000 (Left) + 20000 (Right) + 80000 Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the chairs to withstand fatigue stresses and wear caused by rearward force on the backrest of the chair.

15. Caster/Chair base Durability Test ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: Loading: 225 lb (102 kg). Stroke: 762 mm (30 in) Cycle: 2000 (surface with obstacle) 98000 (smooth hard surface) Note ： No part of the caster shall separate from the base as a result of the application of the 22 N force after test. Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the chair base and casters to withstand fatigue stresses and wear caused by moving the chair back and forth.

16. ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Leg Strength Test - Front & Side application Main Parameter: 1.Front application Functional load: 75 lbf (334 N) Proof load: 125 lbf. (556 N) Load point: 13 mm ~ 38 mm Duration: 1 min. 2.Side application Functional load: 75 lbf (334 N). Proof load: 115 lbf (512 N). Load point: 13 mm ~ 38 mm Duration: 1 min. Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of legs to withstand horizontal side and frontal forces.

17. ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Footrest Durability Test Main Parameter: Test loading: 200 lbf (890 N). Cycle: 50,000 Applied length: 102 mm (4 in) Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the footrest structure to withstand stresses that occur as a result of repetitive loading that can be imposed on the footrest structure.

18. Arm Durability Test ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Main Parameter: Loading: 90 lb (400 N). Cycle: 60000 Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the chair armrests to withstand stresses that occur as a result of repetitive loading that can be imposed on the armrest structure. Loading of this type is the result of using the armrests as a support when getting out of the chair.

19. ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Out Stop Tests for Chair with Manually Adjustable Seat Depth Main Parameter: Seat loading: 154 lb (70 kg). Weight: 55 lb (25 kg) Cycle: 25 times Note: this test does not apply to chairs where seat depth adjustments must occur with the user out of the chair. Purpose of Test The purpose of this test is to evaluate the ability of the seat slide out stops to withstand excessive impact forces that may result from user adjustment of the seat depth. Note: this test does not apply to chairs where seat depth adjustments must occur with the user out of the chair.

20. ANSI/BIFMA X 5.1 – 2002 Tablet Arm Static Load Test & Tablet Arm Load Ease Test Static Loading: 150 lb. Duration: 5 min. Cyclic Weight of test bag: 77 lb. Cycle : 100,000 Note: During test, the bag shall eased onto the tablet surface without impact.

21. Bill Wang Tel: 0757 – 22805716 Mobile: 13632306330 E-mail: Bill.Wang@sgs.com THANK YOU ！