2. Primates

3. Basically arboreal adaptation Binocular vision Padded digits w/nails Color vision Primates

4. Order: Primates Superfamily: Ceboidea Cercopithecoidea Hominoidea New World Monkeys Old World Monkeys Apes and Humans Family: PongidaeHylobatidaeHominidae Asian Great Apes Small Apes African Great Apes, Humans Orangutan Gibbon Pan, Gorilla Genus: Australopithecus species: robustus, afarensis, africanus Genus: Homo species: habilis, erectus, sapiens Suborder: Anthropoidea

5. Of all primates, Chimps and Gorillas are most like human beings. Primates

6. How much are apes and humans alike? A lot!

7. Comparison of Apes and Humans Skull Mastoid Processes Foramen Magnum Post cranial skeleton - pelvis, foot, femur, articulation of tibia/femur Bipedalism : The Defining Criterion

8. Foramen Magnum (toward rear) Foramen Magnum (tucked underneath)

9. ChimpanzeeHuman

10. Comparison of Apes and Humans Skull capacity and type of brain Other significant differences: General features of skull

11. Facial Prognathism PronouncedMinor

12. Other Skull Features Pronounced Mid-sagittal crest No Mid-sagittal crest No conical mastoid process Conical Mastoid Process Pronounced Supraorbital torus No Pronounced Supraorbital torus

13. Skull capacity: Human 1500cc Gorilla 500cc

14. Type of brain: Human brain has much larger cerebral cortex