1. European Union Cathleen Martinez Grant Billet Brandon Cao Period Four AP European History

2. European Coal and Steel Community  Was created on April 18, 1951  Created in the aftermath of World War 2  The underlying objective was to increase French-German solidarity, and to banish war in Europe.  Included France, West Germany, and the Benelux states (Belgium, Netherlands& Luxembourg)

3. European Economic Community  Success of the ECSC helped advanced a bolder proposal proposed by Jean Monnet, a French economic planner.  6 members of the ECSC signed the Treaty of Rome established the European Economic Community  Also known as the Common Market  Sought to achieve the eventual elimination of tariffs, a free flow of capital and labor, and similar wage and social benefits in all their countries.

4. Jean Monnet

5. E.E.C cont.  Committed themselves to eliminate trade barriers and promote free movement of capital and labor  Success of the Common Market (EEC) during 1960 led to an expansion  Great Britain, Ireland, and Denmark joined in 1973  Greece entered in 1981  In 1986 Spain and Portugal won admission  Lasted until 1993

6. European Union  The European Union was formally established on November, 1993 with the signing of the Maastricht Treaty  Included all of the countries of the EEC  Austria, Sweden, and Finland joined in 1995.  Currently, there are 27 countries in the EU  The goal of the European Union is to form a stronger, more unified Europe in order to have greater stability and strength in global markets

7. Controversy over Turkey  Turkey was not immediately added to the EU because their majority religion is Islam and because of their backward economy.  Turkey first applied for full membership within the EEC on April 14, 1987  In 1989, Commission endorses Turkey's eligibility for membership but defers assessment of its application  Candidate Status given to Turkey in 1999  EU eventually opens accession negotioations with Turkey  Turkey is still waiting to be accepted into the EU

9. Creation of the Euro  In 1999, the EU created the Euro as a form of currency - From 2002 to present day, the Euro became the common currency in 12 of the 27 member countries.  It is currently the second most traded currency in the world  One Euro is about 1.5 US dollars

10. Support of members  After the fall of the Soviet Union, nations under the Soviet Union joined the Union  The various Soviet block nations then gained economic support from the European Union.

11. Treaties  Maastricht Treaty (1992)- created EU citizenship and the European Monetary Union (EMU)  The Amsterdam Treaty (1997)- established measures to reinforce political union and prepare for enlargement towards the East  The Nice Treaty (2001)- Defined the institutional changes necessary for enlargement.

12. Treaties cont.  Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe (2004)- simplified synthesized previous treaties within a single, clear,foundational document for the EU.  Lisbon Treaty (2007)- After the rejection of the Constitution for Europe, modified the existing treaties, enhancing efficiency of the decision making process and democratic participation in a Union of 27 members.

13. Member Countries of the EU AustriaGreece Portugal BelgiumHungaryRomania BulgariaIrelandSlovakia CyprusItalySlovenia Czech RepublicLatviaSpain DenmarkLithuaniaSweden EstoniaLuxembourgUnited Kingdom FinlandMalta FranceNetherlands GermanyPoland