1. Diabetes
By: Angela Thomas

2. What is diabetes?
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, lifelong condition that affects your body's ability to use the energy found in food.
Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced.
See notes for slide 2.

3. Types Type 1: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
There are three types:
Type 1: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Type 2: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Gestational diabetes
See notes for slide 3.

4. Causes of type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes results from a lack of insulin due to the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
The exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown.
Type 1 is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, though exactly what many of those factors are still unclear.
See notes for slide 4

5. Causes of Type 2 Age Genetics Obesity Environmental factors
Certain racial or ethnic groups
See notes for slide 5

6. Causes of gestational diabetes
During pregnancy, the placenta produces hormones to sustain your pregnancy. These hormones make your cells more resistant to insulin.
Normally, your pancreas responds by producing enough extra insulin to overcome this resistance. But sometimes your pancreas cannot keep up. When this happens, too little glucose gets into your cells and too much stays in your blood, resulting in gestational diabetes.
See notes for slide 6

7. Risks of type 1 diabetes Family History Environmental factors
Presence of diabetes autoantibodies
Injury or disease of the pancreas
See notes for slide 7

8. Risks of Type 2 Diabetes
Anyone can get type 2 diabetes. But those at highest risk for the disease are those who:
Are over the age of 45
Are obese or overweight
Have had gestational diabetes
Have family members who have type 2 diabetes
Have prediabetes
Don't exercise
Have low HDL cholesterol or high triglycerides
Have high blood pressure
Are members of certain racial or ethnic groups
See notes for slide 8

9. Risks of gestational diabetes
Age at pregnancy
Family or personal history
Prediabetes
Being overweight
Race
See notes for slide 9

10. “The silent killer”
Diabetes has been given an alarming name of the “silent killer” because the symptoms are easy to miss and many people are not even aware that they may have diabetes.
Over 24 million people in America have diabetes and only about 1/3 of them are aware they have it.
If you suffer from any of the symptoms listed here, you should talk to your doctor immediately.
Read and then go to next slide.

11. Symptoms of diabetes Increased Thirst & Urination Weight Loss Fatigue
Hunger
Numbness
Skin Problems
Slow Healing
Yeast Infections
Problems with Vision
Irritability
See notes for slide 10

12. Statistics
As of 2014, an estimated 387 million people have diabetes worldwide, with type 2 diabetes making up about 90% of the cases. This is equal to 8.3% of the adult population, with equal rates in both women and men.
In the years 2012 to 2014, diabetes is estimated to have resulted in 1.5 to 4.9 million deaths per year. Diabetes at least doubles the risk of death.
The number of people with diabetes is expected to rise to 592 million by 2035.
The global economic cost of diabetes in was estimated to be $612 billion. In the United States, diabetes cost $245 billion in 2012.
Read and go to next slide

13. Statistics
The rates of diagnosed diabetes by race/ethnic background are:
7.6% of non-Hispanic whites
9.0% of Asian Americans
12.8% of Hispanics
3.2% of non-Hispanic blacks
15.9% of American Indians/Alaskan Natives
See more at:
See notes for slide 12 and 13

14. uncontrolled diabetes can result in:
Heart Disease
Blood Vessel Disease
Kidney Disease
Damage to Teeth
Damage to Nerves
If not controlled, diabetes can put you at risk for a host of complications that can affect nearly every organ in the body.
See notes for slide 14

15. Methods to improve Diet and exercise Weight loss
Control blood pressure
No smoking
Proper foot care and dental care
Move on to next slide

16. Methods to treat Insulin injections Non-insulin injectable medications
Basal, or long-acting insulin
Bolus, or rapid-acting
Non-insulin injectable medications
Glp-1 medication
Synthetic hormones
Oral antidiabetic medications
Metformin
Amaryl
Januvia
See notes for slide 16

17. Community resources Diabetes Individual Counseling
Provides one-on-one instruction on blood glucose monitoring, insulin administration, diabetic diet and self management of diabetes by physician referral. For Delaware County residents at Grady Memorial Hospital.
Contact: Debbi Burns (740)
Diabetes Self-Management Program at McConnell Heart Health Center
This program covers topics in diabetes self-management care
A physician referral is required for participation in the education programs or individual appointments. Referrals can be faxed to (614) To schedule an appointment or class, you can call (614)
See notes for slide 15

18. Community resources
Diabetes Self-Management Program at Grant Health and Fitness
Teaching you how to achieve and maintain a balanced lifestyle.
With a referral prescription from your physician, some insurance plans will cover nutrition and diabetes education services. For additional information, please call (614) To schedule an appointment, please call (614)

19. References http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/types-of- diabetes-mellitus
diabetes-mellitus
of-diabetes/10/
for-diabetes
conditions/diabetes/basics/definition/con ?reDate=
basics/statistics/#sthash.bCv3DuNX.dpuf
ms/