1. SC.912.L.16.3 DNA Replication

2. – During DNA replication, a double-stranded DNA molecule divides into two single strands. New nucleotides bond to each single strand. The end result is two identical strands of DNA.

3. Gene and Chromosomal Mutations Gene mutation: any change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene

4. Mutations and Phenotypic Change Mutation in the DNA will cause the amino acids to code for a different protein, creating a new structure, therefore altering the phenotype It may result in phenotypic change if mutation occurs at a point on the gene that determines phenotype.

5. Transcription Transcription: process of copying a DNA sequence to produce a complementary strand of RNA.

6. Translation Translation: the process of protein production using mRNA that is produced in genetic transcription.

7. Genetic Code The genetic code is universal because all organisms have evolved from a common ancestor which used this same genetic code.