2. Warm-Up Throughout the first period of our class 1450- 1648 religion was seen as one of the most important issues of state, often intertwined with the running of the nation. How has that changed in the second period, 1648- 1815? AP Euro Notebooks due Thurs

3. Key Concept – 2.4 Period 2 (1648-1815) The popularization and dissemination of the Scientific Revolution and the application of its methods to political, social and ethical issues led to an increased, although not unchallenged, emphasis on reason in European culture VI. While Enlightenment values dominated the world of European ideas, they were challenged by the revival of public sentiment and feeling. C. Romanticism emerged as a challenge to Enlightenment rationality. The popularization and dissemination of the Scientific Revolution and the application of its methods to political, social and ethical issues led to an increased, although not unchallenged, emphasis on reason in European culture VI. While Enlightenment values dominated the world of European ideas, they were challenged by the revival of public sentiment and feeling. C. Romanticism emerged as a challenge to Enlightenment rationality.

4. Take out your notes on Romanticism Precious time – 10 min. AP Euro Notebooks due Thurs

5. EQ - How did Romanticism challenge the rationality of the Enlightenment? Which characteristics do this best? Why?

6. The Spirit of the Age (1790-1850) e A sense of a shared vision among the Romantics. e Early support of the French Revolution. e Rise of the individual  alienation. e Dehumanization of industrialization.  Radical poetics / politics  an obsession with violent change. e A sense of a shared vision among the Romantics. e Early support of the French Revolution. e Rise of the individual  alienation. e Dehumanization of industrialization.  Radical poetics / politics  an obsession with violent change.

8. Enlightenment Society is good, curbing violent impulses! Civilization corrupts! Romanticism Early 19c A Growing Distrust of Reason e The essence of human experience is subjective and emotional. e Human knowledge is a puny thing compared to other great historical forces. e “Individual rights” are dangerous efforts at selfishness  the community is more important. e The essence of human experience is subjective and emotional. e Human knowledge is a puny thing compared to other great historical forces. e “Individual rights” are dangerous efforts at selfishness  the community is more important.

9. The Romantic Movement e Began in the 1790s and peaked in the 1820s. e Mostly in Northern Europe, especially in Britain and Germany. e A reaction against classicism. e The “Romantic Hero:”  Greatest example was Lord Byron  Tremendously popular among the European reading public.  Youth imitated his haughtiness and rebelliousness. e Began in the 1790s and peaked in the 1820s. e Mostly in Northern Europe, especially in Britain and Germany. e A reaction against classicism. e The “Romantic Hero:”  Greatest example was Lord Byron  Tremendously popular among the European reading public.  Youth imitated his haughtiness and rebelliousness.

10. Characteristics of Romanticism The Engaged & Enraged Artist:  The artist apart from society.  The artist as social critic/revolutionary.  The artist as genius. The Engaged & Enraged Artist:  The artist apart from society.  The artist as social critic/revolutionary.  The artist as genius.

11. Wandering Above the Sea of Fog Caspar David Friedrich, 1818

12. Lady Macbeth - Henry Fuseli, 1794

14. Characteristics of Romanticism The Individual/ The Dreamer:  Individuals have unique, endless potential.  Self-realization comes through art  Artists are the true philosophers. The Individual/ The Dreamer:  Individuals have unique, endless potential.  Self-realization comes through art  Artists are the true philosophers.

15. The Dreamer Gaspar David Friedrich, 1835

16. Solitary Tree Caspar David Friedrich, 1823

18. Characteristics of Romanticism Glorification of Nature:  Peaceful, restorative qualities [an escape from industrialization and the dehumanization it creates].  Awesome, powerful, horrifying aspects of nature.  Indifferent to the fate of humans.  Overwhelming power of nature. Glorification of Nature:  Peaceful, restorative qualities [an escape from industrialization and the dehumanization it creates].  Awesome, powerful, horrifying aspects of nature.  Indifferent to the fate of humans.  Overwhelming power of nature.

19. An Avalanche in the Alps Philip James de Loutherbourg, 1803

20. Sunset After a Storm On the Coast of Sicily – Andreas Achenbach, 1853

21. The Deluge Francis Danby, 1840

22. Tree of Crows Caspar David Friedrich, 1822

23. The Wreck of the Hope (aka The Sea of Ice) Caspar David Friedrich, 1821

24. Shipwreck – Joseph Turner, 1805

25. The Raft of the Medusa Th é odore G é ricault, 1819

26. The Eruption of Vesuvius - John Martin

28. Isaac Newton – William Blake, 1795

29. Dr. Frankenstein’s Adam & Eve??

31. Rain, Steam, and Speed Joseph Mallord William Turner, 1844

32. Rain, Steam, & Speed (details)

33. The Slave Ship Joseph Mallord William Turner, 1842

34. The Slave Ship (details)

36. Flatford Mill – John Constable, 1817

37. The Corn Field John Constable, 1826

38. The Hay Wain - John Constable, 1821

40. Characteristics of Romanticism Revival of Past Styles:  Gothic & Romanesque revival.  “Neo-Gothic” architectural style.  Medieval ruins were a favorite theme for art and poetry. Revival of Past Styles:  Gothic & Romanesque revival.  “Neo-Gothic” architectural style.  Medieval ruins were a favorite theme for art and poetry.

41. Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s Ground John Constable, 1825

42. Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows John Constable, 1831

43. Hadleigh Castle - John Constable, 1829

44. Eldena Ruin Gaspar David Friedrich, 1825

45. Winter Landscape with Church Gaspar David Friedrich, 1811

46. British Houses of Parliament 1840-1865

48. Characteristics of Romanticism The Supernatural:  Ghosts, fairies, witches, demons.  The shadows of the mind—dreams & madness.  The romantics rejected materialism in pursuit of spiritual self-awareness.  They yearned for the unknown and the unknowable. The Supernatural:  Ghosts, fairies, witches, demons.  The shadows of the mind—dreams & madness.  The romantics rejected materialism in pursuit of spiritual self-awareness.  They yearned for the unknown and the unknowable.

49. Cloister Cemetery in the Snow Caspar David Friedrich, 1817-1819

50. Abbey in an Oak Forest Caspar David Friedrich, 1809-1810

51. Mad Woman With a Mania of Envy Theodore Gericault, 1822-1823 Mad Woman With a Mania of Envy Theodore Gericault, 1822-1823

52. Pity - William Blake, 1795

53. The Great Red Dragon and the Woman Clothed with the Sun William Blake, 1808-1810

54. Stonehenge - John Constable, 1836

55. Nightmare (The Incubus) Henry Fuseli, 1781

56. Manfred and the Witch of the Alps John Martin - 1837

57. Witches Sabbath Francisco Goya, 1798

58. Procession of Flagellants on Good Friday Francisco Goya, 1793

59. Saturn Devours His Son Francisco Goya, 1819-1823

61. Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi Eug è ne Delacroix, 1827

62. Liberty Leading the People Eug è ne Delacroix, 1830

63. Detail of the Musket Bearer Delacoix, himself

64. The Rise of the Cartheginian Empire Joseph Turner, 1815

65. His Majesty’s Ship, “Victory” (Trafalgar) - John Constable, 1806

66. An Officer of the Imperial Horse Guard Th é odore G é ricault, 1814

67. Napoleon at the St. Bernard Pass David, 1803 Napoleon at the St. Bernard Pass David, 1803

68. The Shooting of May 3, 1808 Francisco Goya, 1815

69. Pandemonium - John Martin, 1841

71. Characteristics of Romanticism Exoticism:  The sexy “other.”  A sense of escape from reality.  A psychological/moral justification of imperialism? Exoticism:  The sexy “other.”  A sense of escape from reality.  A psychological/moral justification of imperialism?

72. Grand Canal, Venice Joseph Mallord William Turner, 1835

73. Massacre of Chios - Eug è ne Delacroix, 1824

74. The Fanatics of Tangiers Eug è ne Delacroix, 1837-1838

75. The Sultan of Morocco and His Entourage Eug è ne Delacroix, 1845

76. Women of Algiers in Their Apartment Eug è ne Delacroix, 1834

77. The Turkish Bath Jean Auguste Ingres, 1852-1863

78. The Bullfight - Francisco Goya

79. Charge of the Mamelukes, May 2 nd, 1808 Francisco Goya, 1814

80. The Royal Pavillion at Brighton John Nash, 1815-1823

82. God as the Architect - William Blake, 1794

83. Elohim Creating Abraham William Blake, 1805

84. Body of Abel Found by Adam and Eve William Blake, 1825

85. Faust and Mephistopheles Eug è ne Delacroix, 1826-1827

86. The Seventh Plague of Egypt John Martin, 1823

87. The Cathedral Gaspar David Friedrich, 1818

88. The Cathedral (details) Gaspar David Friedrich, 1818

89. The Great Age of the Novel   Gothic Novel: Jane Eyre - Charlotte Bronte (1847) Wuthering Heights - Emily Bronte (1847)  Historical Novel: Ivanhoe - Sir Walter Scott (1819) Les Miserables - Victor Hugo (1862) The Three Musketeers – Alexander Dumas (1844)   Gothic Novel: Jane Eyre - Charlotte Bronte (1847) Wuthering Heights - Emily Bronte (1847)  Historical Novel: Ivanhoe - Sir Walter Scott (1819) Les Miserables - Victor Hugo (1862) The Three Musketeers – Alexander Dumas (1844)

90. The Great Age of the Novel  Science Fiction Novel: Frankenstein - Mary Shelley (1817) Dracula – Bramm Stoker (1897)  Novel of Purpose: Hugh Trevar - Thomas Holcroft (1794)  Science Fiction Novel: Frankenstein - Mary Shelley (1817) Dracula – Bramm Stoker (1897)  Novel of Purpose: Hugh Trevar - Thomas Holcroft (1794)

92. Other Romantic Writers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm - Grimm’s Fairy Tales (1814-1816) Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - Faust (1806-1832)

93. The Romantic Poets  Percy Byssche Shelley  Lord Byron (George Gordon)  Samuel Taylor Coleridge  William Wordsworth  John Keats  William Blake  Percy Byssche Shelley  Lord Byron (George Gordon)  Samuel Taylor Coleridge  William Wordsworth  John Keats  William Blake

94. George Gordon’s (Lord Byron) Poem The Prisoner of Chillon George Gordon’s (Lord Byron) Poem The Prisoner of Chillon

95. Mary Shelley Frankenstein Mary Shelley Frankenstein

96. Sir Walter Scott Ivanhoe Sir Walter Scott Ivanhoe

97. William Wordsworth’s Poem, Tintern Abbey William Wordsworth’s Poem, Tintern Abbey

98. Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s Poem, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s Poem, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner

100. The Political Implications e Romanticism could reinforce the greatest themes of political liberalism or political conservatism. e Contributed to growing nationalist movements.  The concepts of the Volk and the Volkgeist.  The uniqueness of cultures was emphasized. e Romanticism could reinforce the greatest themes of political liberalism or political conservatism. e Contributed to growing nationalist movements.  The concepts of the Volk and the Volkgeist.  The uniqueness of cultures was emphasized.

101. Bibliographic Sources   CGFA: A Virtual Art Museum. http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/fineart.htmhttp://cgfa.sunsite.dk/fineart.htm  “Romanticism” on Artchive. http://artchive.com/artchive/romanticism.html http://artchive.com/artchive/romanticism.html

102. Tubular Tuesday, Jan. 5, 2015 e Take your seat e Take out your warm-ups e Begin Warm-Up Warm-Up: How did the rise of nationalism challenge the status quo? What problems began to emerge as a result of this? 1 paragraph e Take your seat e Take out your warm-ups e Begin Warm-Up Warm-Up: How did the rise of nationalism challenge the status quo? What problems began to emerge as a result of this? 1 paragraph

103. Today’s Agenda e Warm-Up/Class discussion e Socratic Seminar – Romanticism e Homework: e Read pages -656-670 e Terms- Liberalism (get them offline, I will have hard copies tomorrow. e Warm-Up/Class discussion e Socratic Seminar – Romanticism e Homework: e Read pages -656-670 e Terms- Liberalism (get them offline, I will have hard copies tomorrow.