1. Guiding Questions: What kinds of literature are considered traditional? What is storytelling and what value does it provide? How do teachers use traditional literature in the classroom?  This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: –any public performance or display including transmission of any image over a network; –preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; –any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.1

2. Takes readers to times before recorded history and to all parts of the world Helps readers understand the world and the universality of the human struggle Allows readers to speculate about their beginnings and to explore heroes from the past Is both universal and ancient Emerged from oral storytelling Takes on traits from the culture of the country of its origin Is enjoyable Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.2

3. Folktales Cumulative tales Sequential tales, repeats actions and words. The Gingerbread Man, Henny Penny Humorous tales Absurd situations, people laughing at selves, human foolishness Beast tales Act like humans, Coyote is popular in Native American tales and the fox and wolf are popular in European tales Magic and wonder tales Transformation tales Pourquoi tales Why tales, to answer a question or explain how animals, plants or human where created and why they have certain characteristics Realistic tales Have realistic plots and involve people who exist, but happenings are exaggerated Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.3

4.  Plot  Characters  Setting  Theme  Style Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

5.  Moral lessons or satirize human conduct  Animals have human characteristics  The Tortoise and the Hare  Aesop’s Fables  The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse

6.  Account for origin of the world and humans for everyday natural phenomena  Main characters can be animals, deities, or humans  Actions can take place in another world ◦ Greek and Roman mythology ◦ Norse mythology ◦ Native American myths

7.  Discuss the historical facts of human wars and migrations, brave deeds and royalty  Robin Hood  The Odyssey  St George and the Dragon

8. One can overcome social inequality to attain a better way of life One can overcome horrible adversaries with cunning and bravery Good overcomes evil Justice triumphs Unselfish love conquers Intelligence wins out over physical strength Kindness, diligence, and hard work bring rewards Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.4

9. Supernatural adversaries Supernatural helpers Extraordinary animals Deceitful or ferocious beasts Magic objects, powers, and transformations Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.5

10. The same stories emerged from many countries and cultures over time Each social class and culture retold the stories in ways that reflected their own culture and environment Over time, the tales became very different from the originals Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.6

11.  British German  Norwegian Russian  Jewish Asian  Chinese Japanese  India Middle Eastern  African Latino  North American Native American  African American Tall Tales Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Storytelling Using feltboards Comparing folktales from different countries Comparing different versions of the same tale Investigating themes and motifs from tales Investigating folktales from a single country Writing traditional tales Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: 8e ©2004, 2007, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN:0137074018 6.7

13.  1. Which of the following was a popular theme in the traditional literature of common people?  1. Princely valor  2. Entertaining children  3. Great deeds of the nobility  4. Overcoming social inequality to obtain a better way of life. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. 2. Our traditional literary heritage includes: 1. Supernatural adversaries gaining just rewards 2. Ancient people speculating about their beginnings 3. Real people performing brave deeds 4. All of these.

15. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 3. The greatest value of traditional literature is that it helps children 1.Improve their reading skills 2. Learn historical facts 3.Understand the world and identify with universal human struggles 4.Become writers.

16. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 4.Which of the following characterizes folktales? 1.Truthful accounts of what happened in the remote past, often associated with theology and ritual. 2.Prose narratives, regarded as true, which embodied the historical facts of human achievements 3.Brief tales in which animal characters indicate a moral lesson 4.Fiction, not considered history, about the adventure of animals or humans.

17. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 5. The type of folktale that explains why an animal has certain characteristics or why people have certain customs is called? 1.Magic and wonder 2.Pourquoi 3.Beast 4.Realistic

18. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 6. Which of the following characterizes fables? 1.Brief tales in which animal characters indicate a moral lesson 2.Prose narratives, regarded as true, which embodied the historical facts of human achievements 3.Fiction, not considered history, about the adventures of animals or humans 4.Truthful accounts of what happened in the remote past, often associated with theology and ritual.

19. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 7. Which of the following characterizes myths? 1.Prose narratives, regarded as true, which embodied the historical facts of human achievements. 2.Brief tales in which animal characters indicate a moral lesson 3.Truthful accounts of what happened in the remote past, often associated with theology and ritual 4.Fiction, not considered history, about the adventure of animals or humans

20. Norton, Through the Eyes of a Child: An Introduction to Children’s Literature, 7th Edition. ©2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 8. German folktales do which of the following? 1.Allow children to come to understand that the world has both familiar and discomforting aspects that, though separate, exist simultaneously. 2.Include appreciate for the beauty and mystery of life. 3.Take children to world of magic, mystery, and the supernatural 4.Teach that talent, beauty, and kindness are usually appreciated and rewarded.