1. ANATOMY OF THE EAR Chas, Tate, Rebekah, Rachel W., and Rachel B.

2. ANATOMY OF THE EAR https://www.pinterest.com/explore/ear-anatomy/

3. OUTER EAR PINNA- made of cartilage and skin, directs sound waves from outside into external auditory canal Ear lobes are also included in the outer ear and can be attached or not.  Attached is considered dominant.

4. MIDDLE EAR Made of three tiny bones MALLEUS- transmits the motion of vibrations to the incus INCUS- transmits the sound vibrations to the stapes -Malleus and Incus are tightly bound together and move in unison STAPES- amplifies and transforms the sound energy into mechanical energy EUSTACHIAN TUBE- connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat. Opens up when swallowing to allow air to the middle ear to keep air pressure the same on both sides of the tympanic membrane. http://www.carolinaear.com/patient_resources/patient_education.shtml

6. EUSTACHIAN TUBE  Connects the middle ear cavity with the nasopharynx.  Normal opening of the Eustachian tube equalizes atmospheric pressure in the middle ear, closing protects the middle ear from unwanted pressure fluctuations and loud sounds.  When traveling from different altitudes, your ears pop to maintain the same pressure balance in both ears.

7. INNER EAR (B0NY LABYRINTH) COCHLEA- snail shaped, involved in hearing; filled with fluid and contains the organ, corti  Corti-structure containing thousands of specialized sensory hair cells with projections called cilia) VESTIBULAR SYSTEM- consists of semicircular canals, saccule, and utricle. Maintains balance and a sense of position.  Semicircular canals contain fluid and hair cells that detect movement; utricle and saccule allow a person to sense their body’s position relative to gravity and make adjustments to posture as required.  Saccule- bed of sensory cells situated in the inner ear  Utricle- one of the two otolith organs located in the vertebrate inner ear, help with balance, orientation, and sound detection.

8. EAR ANATOMY

9. SOUND VIBRATIONS http://www.sciponline.co.uk/under_ho w_the_ear_works.asp Sound waves travel into the ear canal until they reach the eardrum. The eardrum passes the vibrations through the middle ear bones or the ossicles into the inner ear. The inner ear is shaped like a snail and is also called the cochlea. Inside the cochlea, there are thousands of tiny hair cells. Hair cells change the vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain through the hearing nerve. The brain tells you that you are hearing a sound and what that sound is.

10. FLUID http://www.hear-it.org/The-inner-ear-1 The vestibular consists of three ring-shaped passages, oriented in three different planes. All three passages are filled with fluid that moves in accordance with the body's movements. In addition to the fluid, these passages also contain thousands of hair fibres which react to the movement of the fluid sending little impulses to the brain. The brain then decodes these impulses which are used to help the body keep its balance.

11. DEMONSTRATION http://www.beltone.com/online-hearing-test.aspx

12. BIBLIOGRAPHY Tewfik, T. L. (2015, February 27). Eustachian Tube Function. Retrieved April 12, 2016, from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/874348-overviewhttp://emedicine.medscape.com/article/874348-overview Ears and Altitude. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2016, from http://www.entnet.org/content/ears-and-altitude http://www.entnet.org/content/ears-and-altitude Hearing, Structures, And Functions Of The Ear. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2016, from ilearn.careerforce.org.nz Ears and Altitude. (n.d.). Retrieved April 13, 2016, from http://www.pehni.com/patient_ed/ears_altitude.htm http://www.pehni.com/patient_ed/ears_altitude.htm How Do We Hear? (n.d.). Retrieved April 13, 2016, from http://www.dangerousdecibels.org/virtualexhibit/2howdowehear.html